Superantigen Protocols

ISBN-13: 9781489938237 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 259 str.

Teresa Krakauer

Opis

Superantigen Protocols assembles experimental protocols that have proved useful for the study of superantigens. These techniques will allow researchers from various areas of cell biology, microbiology, immunology, biochemistry, and molecular biology to assess the physical characteristics and biological effects of well-known superantigens as well as of putative substances that might have superantigenic activities, and to explore therapies for superantig- induced effects. Microbial exotoxins have been studied for decades as virulence factors because of their pathogenic effects. The term "superantigen" was coined by Marrack and Kappler a decade ago for some of these molecules because of their potent T-cell stimulatory activities. In recent years, advances in mole- lar biology provide recombinant as well as natural superantigens in highly purified form for physical characterization. Superantigens are now used extensively as tools to study interactions between receptors on cells of the immune system as they bind to major histocompatibility complex class II m- ecules on antigen-presenting cells and V regions of T-cell receptors. The b- ? logical effects that result from these interactions are studied both in vitro and in vivo. The intent of this book is, therefore, to bring together up-to-date te- niques developed by experts in the field of biochemistry, immunology, and molecular biology for the study of superantigens. Superantigen Protocols begins with an overview of the field to provide background information on the various classes of superantigens and their str- ture.

Recenzje

"...sufficient experimental detail is provided so as to allow experienced investigators to use the described techniques. A suitable bibliography accompanies each chapter. Beyond their involvement in human pathology, the molecular mechanism of action of this class of molecules (binding both to antigen presenting cells and T-lymphocytes) may provide useful clues regarding human immune responses. Accordingly, this book is a timely and relevant contribution...Each of the protocols is adequately described and contains sufficient references to allow an investigator to refer to original sources. The different aspects of superantigen biology are covered as are effects on animals. " -Doody's Health Sciences Book Review Journal

"I found this book an excellent resource that would be extremely valuable in setting up methods to assess bacterial superantigens." -Pharmaceutical Research

"...a must for the superantigen laboratory shelves and recommended to those interested in applying some of the interesting and powerful techniques to their own research." - Immunology and Cell Biology

Spis treści

Superantigens: Structure, Function, and Diversity Matthew D. Baker and K. Ravi Acharya Expression, Purification, and Detection of N ovel Streptococcal Superantigens John K. McCormick and Patrick M. Schlievert Flow Cytometric Detection of MMTV Superantigens Gary Winslow Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Superantigen Structure and Stability Anders Cavallin, Karin Petersson, and Göran Forsberg Binding Kinetics of Superantigen with TCR and MHC Class II S. Munir Alam and Nicholas R. J. Gascoigne Directed Evolution of T-Cell Receptors for Binding Superantigens Hywyn R. O. Churchill and David M. Kranz Analysis of Superantigen Binding to Soluble T-Cell Receptors Hywyn R. O. Churchill and David M. Kranz Role of Accessory Molecules in the Superantigen-Induced Activation of Peripheral Blood T Cells Catherine Gelin, Marie-Thérèse Zilber, and Dominique Charron T-Lymphocyte Activation Induced by Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Superantigens: Analysis of Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation Anne Roumier, Florence Niedergang, and Andrés Alcover Measurement of Proinflammatory Cytokines and T-Cell Proliferative Response in Superantigen-Activated Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Teresa Krakauer RNase Protection Assay for the Study of the Differential Effects of Therapeutic Agents in Suppressing Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Cytokines in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Teresa Krakauer, Xin Chen, O. M. Zack Howard, and Howard A. Young Staining Protocol for Superantigen-Induced Cytokine Production Studied at the Single-Cell Level Lars Björk Assessment of Specific T-Cell Activation by Superantigens Natalie Sutkowski and Brigitte T. Huber Superantigen-Induced Changes in Epithelial Ion Transport and Barrier Function: Use of an In VitroModel James L. Watson and Derek M. McKay Pyrogenic, Lethal, and Emetic Properties of Superantigens in Rabbits and Primates John K. McCormick, Gregory A. Bohach, and Patrick M. Schlievert Index

Blurb

Superantigens, a class of proteins produced by bacteria and microbes, cause diseases ranging from food poisoning to toxic shock, but can also be used to understand these pathologies and devise therapeutic agents to combat them. In Superantigen Protocols, leading researchers in the biological, chemical, and physical investigation of superantigens describe in step-by-step detail their best experimental techniques to assess the physical characteristics and biological effects of these potent activators of the immune system. The protocols range from those for investigating the interactions of superantigens with cellular receptors to those for the analysis of their immunological and biological effects, including methods for using BIOcore to determine binding kinetics and establishing various lymphocyte cell culture systems. There are also accounts of such methods as the RNase protection assay, cytokine ELISA, FACS analysis, and cytokine production at the single cell level. Additional techniques for the discovery of new activators of the immune system, the development of new therapeutics for the suppression of superantigen-induced effects, and the treatment of inflammatory diseases are detailed.
Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Superantigen Protocols provides a broad range of novel immunological and biochemical techniques that can be successfully applied not only to the structural, functional, and clinical properties of superantigens, but also to the many varieties of such proteins and to new cellular systems.