Structure and Properties of Aperiodic Materials

ISBN-13: 9783540009597 / Angielski / Twarda / 2003 / 207 str.

Y. Kawazoe; Y. Waseda

Opis

In this volume we aim to introduce recent progress in the study of aperiodic materials, which include icosahedral clusters, amorphous metals, quasicrys tals, glasses, and liquids. Quasicrystals, discovered in 1984, correspond to a kind of revolution in our understanding of crystallography, wherein the five-fold rotational symmetry was prohibited in long-range ordered systems. Various interesting physicochemical properties of these materials strongly depend on structural inhomogeneity at the microscopic level, and the small angle X-ray scattering method is widely used to analyze such structures. These new materials provide fundamental improvements to materials prop erties, and are not only scientifically interesting but also industrially impor tant for applications such as ultrafine magnetic recording media and future electronic devices. This book contains three chapters. The first chapter, written by H. Tanaka and T. Fujiwara, deals with 'Electronic Structure in Aperiodic Materials', and reviews the application of theoretical methods to determine the elec tronic structures and resulting properties of amorphous metals, quasicrys tals, and liquids. The second chapter, written by Y. Waseda, K. Sugiyama, and A. H. Shinohara, covers the recent topic of 'Anomalous Small Angle X ray Scattering for Structural Inhomogeneity of Materials', starting with its fundamentals. The third chapter, 'Icosahedral Clusters in RE(TM - Al h3 1 x x Amorphous Alloys', by K. Fukamichi, A. Fujita, T. H. Chang, E. Matsubara, and Y.

Spis treści

1 Electronic Structure in Aperiodic Systems.- 2 Novel Application of Anomalous Small-Angle X-ray Scattering to Characterization of Condensed Matter.- 3 Icosahedral Clusters in RE(TM1-xAlx)13 Amorphous Alloys.

Blurb

The past few decades have witnessed remarkable growth and progress in our knowledge  concerning the structure and properties of aperiodic systems at a microscopic level. The present volume provides a timely overview of the current state of the art on the structure, electronic and magnetic properties of aperiodic materials, including structural inhomogeniety. It also describes the theoretical calculation methodology. The subject is approached both from the basic science and the applied engineering points of view. Many references, illustrations and tables assist specialists and non-specialists alike to gain access to the growing body of essential information.