Preface vAcknowledgements ixAbout the Authors xiiiGlossary 301Index 3071 What Is Business Strategy? 12 Analysis of the External Environment: Opportunities and Threats 193 Internal Analysis: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Competitive Advantage 474 Cost Advantage 655 Differentiation Advantage 856 Corporate Strategy 1057 Vertical Integration and Outsourcing 1278 Strategic Alliances 1459 International Strategy 16510 Innovative Strategies That Change the Nature of Competition 19111 Competitive Strategy and Sustainability 20912 Implementing Strategy 23113 Corporate Governance and Ethics 25114 Strategy and Society 269Appendix A Data Sources for Analysis 287Appendix B 20 Valuable Financial Ratios for Strategic Analysis 297Case 1 Walmart Stores: Gaining and Sustaining Competitive Advantage C- 1Case 2 Coca-Cola and Pepsi: The Shifting Landscape of the Carbonated Soft Drink Industry C- 13Case 3a ESPN in 2015: Continued Dominance in Sports Television? C- 27Case 3b ESPN and ESPN+ in 2021: Challenges of Growth C- 39Case 4 Southwest Airlines: Flying High with Low Costs C- 43Case 5 Harley-Davidson: Growth Challenges Ahead C- 57Case 6 Ecolab and the Nalco Acquisition: Sustainable Advantage Through Shared Values C- 69Case 7 Nike: Sourcing and Strategy in Athletic Footwear C- 79Case 8 AT&T and Apple: A Strategic Alliance C- 89Case 9 Competing with Free in Video Communications: Zoom vs the Tech Giants--Microsoft Teams, Google Meets, Apple FaceTime, and WhatsApp (Facebook) C- 103CASE 10A Tesla Motors: Disrupting the Auto Industry? C- 111CASE 10B Tesla and Panasonic's Strategic Partnership: By Jeff Dyer and Gordon Scott C- 121CASE 11A Smartphone Wars in 2013 C- 135CASE 11B Smartphone Wars in 2021 C- 149Case 12 Lincoln Electric: Aligning for Global Growth C- 157Case 13 ICARUS Revisited: The Rise and Fall of Valeant Pharmaceuticals C- 165Case 14 Safe Water Network: Mastering the Model at Dzemeni C- 177Case 15 Facebook at a Crossroads: Russian Interference in the 2016 U.S. Election C- 191CASE 16 Uber C- 205