Standard Methods for Thermal Comfort Assessment of Clothing

ISBN-13: 9781138391475 / Angielski / Twarda / 2019 / 228 str.

Ivana Spelic; Alka Mihelic Bogdanic; Anica Hursa Sajatovic

Opis

Providing analysis of the thermal comfort assessment of clothing as the basis for developing standards, this book discusses the thermal protective role of clothing as a way of modelling heat transfer from the body, general thermal regulation of humans and the importance of globally accepted test methods and standards to improve quality.

Spis treści

1. Introduction

2. Behind the scenes: Thermal regulation in humans

2.1. Thermodynamical analysis

2.2. Physical analysis

2.2.1. Heat balance

2.2.2. Heat production

2.2.3. Heat loss

2.3. Thermophysiological analysis

2.3.1. The human thermal homeostasis and thermostatic neural mechanism

2.3.2. Anatomy of the thermoregulation

2.3.2.1. The central thermostatic control and hypothalamus

2.3.2.2. The peripheral reception and skin

3. Modelling the heat losses from human body

3.1. The comfort in humans

3.2. The thermal comfort: Environmental, personal and clothing properties

3.2.1. Clothing as second skin: preserving the thermal comfort

3.2.2. From fibres to clothing: thermal properties and applications

3.2.2.1. The heat transmission through textiles and clothing

3.2.2.2. The moisture transmission through textiles and clothing

4. The importance of globally accepted test methods and standards

4.1. Testing the thermal properties of textiles and clothing

4.1.1. Textile thermal comfort testing

4.1.2. Clothing thermal comfort testing

4.1.3. Subjective judgements and wear trials: What do we have to say?

4.2. Improving comfort in textiles and clothing and the future trends

5. Why using the thermal comfort standards?

5.1. The basic principles of standard approval

5.2. The types of standards

5.3. The benefits provided by standards

6. Who creates standards?

6.1. The national organisations for standardization

6.1.1. BSI organisation

6.1.2. DIN organisation

6.1.3. ASTM organisation

6.1.4. ASHRAE organisation

6.2. The international organisation for standardization (ISO)

7. The standardisation on thermal comfort

7.1. The history of standardization

7.2. The beginnings and first standards on thermal comfort

7.3. The further development and necessary improvements

8. The distribution of standards on thermal comfort

8.1. The basic distributions of the standards in the field of the Ergonomics of the Thermal environment

8.2. Coding of standards for cataloguing their type

9. The overview of the most significant standards on thermal comfort

9.1. The most significant ISO and European standards on thermal comfort

9.1.1. The standard evaluating physical quantities

9.1.1.1. Temperature measurements- Requirements on measuring equipment

9.1.1.2. Humidity measurements - Requirements on measuring equipment

9.1.1.3. Pressure measurements- Requirements on measuring equipment

9.1.1.4. Air velocity measurements - Requirements on measuring equipment

9.1.2. The standards assessing the thermal comfort and physiological responses of humans

9.1.3. The standards assessing the heat stress

9.1.4. The standards assessing the cold stress

9.2. The most significant ASTM standards on thermal comfort

9.3. ASHRAE Handbook of fundamentals