1 Introduction: On Soviet Intellectual Culture during the Stalin Era 2 Fighting Avant-Garde with Phenomenology: Gustav Shpet’s ‘New Realism’ 3 Stalin and Philosophy in Soviet Russia 4 ‘Menshevising Idealism’ and Stalinisation of Philosophy 5 The Naked Truth of Fact: Andrey Platonov on the Margins of Factography 6 Everyday Symphonism: Boris Asafiev’s Soviet Theory of Popular Music 7 Confronting Modernism in the Stalin Era: Mikhail Lifshits as Critic and Philosopher of Culture 8 Maxim Gorky as Spokesman for Proletarian Humanism 9 Sofya Yanovskaya in Defence of Abstractions: Between Soviet Ideology and Bourgeois Idealism 10 The Anti-Fascist Cultural Theory of Nikolai Bukharin and the Concept of Socialist Humanism 11 Nikolay Marr’s Theory of Language and Konstantin Megrelidze’s Historical Science of Thought 12 Between Critique and Conformism: The Languages and Cultures of Caste and Nation in Stalin-Era Indology 13 Stalinism, War, and Artistic Representation of Reality: Konstantin Simonov’s Critique of the ‘System of Silence’ in 1956