Soot in Combustion Systems and Its Toxic Properties

ISBN-13: 9781468444650 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 433 str.

J. LaHaye

Opis

Our interest in Mulhouse for carbon black and soot began some 30 years ago when J.B. Donnet developed the concept of surface chemistry of carbon and its involvement in interactions with gas, liquid and solid phases. In the late sixties, we began to study soot formation in pyrolytic systems and later on in flames. The idea of organ1z1ng a meeting on soot formation originated some four or five years ago, through discussions among Professor J.B. Howard, Dr. A. D'Alessio and ourselves. At that time the scientific community was becoming aware of the necessity to strictly control soot formation and emission. Being involved in the study of surface properties of carbon black as well as of formation of soot, we realized that the combustion community was not always fully aware of the progress made by the physical-chemists on carbon black. Reciprocally, the carbon specialists were often ignoring the research carried out on soot in flames. One objective of this workshop was to stimulate discussions between these two scientific communities. During the preparation of the meeting, and especially during the review process by the Material Science Committee of the Scientific Affairs Division of N.A.T.O. the toxicological aspect emerged as being an important component to be addressed during the workshop. To reflect these preoccupations we invited biologists, physical chemists and engineers, all leaders in their field. The final programme is a compromise of the different aspects of the subject and was divided in five sessions."

Spis treści

Session.- Soot Components as Genetic Hazards.- The Toxicology of Soot.- A Comparative Study of Soot and Carbon Black.- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Soot From Practical Combustion Systems.- Mechanisms of Soot Formation and Burnout.- Structure of Sooting Flames.- Chemistry of Intermediate Species in the Rich Combustion of Benzene.- Radical Chemistry in Sooting Flames.- Soot Particle Nucleation and Agglomeration.- Kinetic Aspects of Diesel Soot Coagulation.- Mass Growth of Soot.- Ionic Mechanisms of Soot Formation.- Charged Soot Particles in Unseeded and Seeded Flames.- Electrical Intervention in the Sooting of Flames.- Burnout of Soot Particles.- Aerodynamics of Sooty Flames.- Aerothermochemistry of Diffusion Flames.- Soot Formation and Burn-out in Turbulent Coal Liquid Fuel Flames.- Optical Diagnostics.- Theoretical Models for the Interpretation of Light Scattering by Particles Present in Combustion Systems.- Laser Light Scattering and Fluorescence in Fuel Rich Flames: Techniques and Selected Results.- The Status of the Art in Soots Diagnosis by Means of Diffusion Broadening Spectroscopy.- The Quasi-Elastic Scattering of Light: A Lecture with Emphasis on Particulate Diagnosis.- Synthesis and Recommendations for Future Work.