Somatic Genome Manipulation: Advances, Methods, and Applications

ISBN-13: 9781493923885 / Angielski / Twarda / 2015 / 375 str.

Danielle Donnelly; Thomas Jensen; Xiu-Qing Li

Opis

Somatic genome manipulation is required when a sexual crossing approach cannot be used in breeding or genetic treatment of an individual organism. Examples can include gene- or cell-therapy of a person to correct disease, genetic improvement of vegetatively propagated plants, and genetic replacement of cytoplasm without significantly modifying the nuclear genome. The advantage of somatic genome manipulation is maintenance of the general genotype while correcting one or more traits. Somatic genome manipulation is also an option for genetic improvement of sexually propagated plants in polyploidy breeding or in overcoming issues of sexual incompatibility. Recent novel technologies in somatic genome manipulation are developing quickly but much of this literature is fragmented and difficult or inconvenient to access. This book represents the first attempt to assemble updated reviews, detailed protocols, and their applications in all fields in which somatic genome manipulation has thrived. This is a truely one-of-a-kind work that brings together the most important and relevant advances in somatic genome manipulation in plants, algae, microorganisms, humans and animals, and demonstrates where the science interacts and where it diverges. The chapters are written by experts on the topic with ready-to-use protocols that were originally developed or adapted from the literature in their laboratories. We expect that this book will be useful for students, researchers, and teachers in both plant and animal research as a resource for the latest information on somatic genome manipulation and for its useful laboratory methods.

Spis treści

Table of Contents

 

Preface for Somatic Genome Manipulation: Advances, Methods and Applications

Xiu-Qing Li, Ph.D., Research Scientist of Molecular Genetics, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, xiu-qing.li@agr.gc.ca; somaticgenome@gmail.com.

Danielle Donnelly, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Plant Science Dept., McGill University, danielle.donnelly@mcgill.ca.

Thomas G. Jensen, M.D., D.M.Sc., Professor of Medical Genetics and Head of the Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark, thomas@hum-gen.au.dk.

 

Section I. Humans and animals

 

Chapter 1. Drug and Gene Electrotransfer in Cancer Therapy. (Dr. Julie Gehl, M.D., Dr. Med. Sci., Consultant Oncology

C*EDGE (Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark, E-mail: Julie.Gehl@regionh.dk.

 

Chapter 2. Targeted Porcine Genome Engineering with TALENs. Yonglun Luo ^{*, 1}; Lin Lin ¹; Monika M. Golas ^{1, 2};  Charlotte Brandt Sørensen ^{1, 3};  and Lars Bolund ¹;

¹Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark, Yonglun ALUN@HUM-GEN.AU.DK

²Center for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark

³Department of Clinical Medicine - The Department of Cardiological Medicine B, Aarhus University, Brendstrupgårdsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N, Danmark

 

Chapter 3. Somatic Gene Therapy using Viral Vectors: theoretical and clinical implications in relation to treatment of genetic conditions in humans. Anne Louise Askou and Thomas J. Corydon* Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark *Corresponding author: TJC, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, Phone: (+45) 28992179; E-mail: tjc@hum-gen.au.dk.

 

Chapter 4. Nonviral Gene Therapy – The Challenge of Mobilizing DNA. Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen* MD, *Corresponding author. Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilh. Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Phone: +45 87167767. Fax: +45 86123173. Email: giehm@hum-gen.au.dk.

 

Chapter 5. Human Stromal Stem Cell Therapy Using Gene Modified Cells

Walid Zaher^{1, 3} and Moustapha Kassem^{1, 2, 3}: ¹Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. ²Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ³Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.

* Corresponding author. Moustapha Kassem, professor, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Kloevervaenget 6, 4th floor, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark. Tel: 45-65504084, 45-65411606; Fax: +66503920; E-mail: mkassem@health.sdu.dk

 

Chapter 6. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer and the Creation of Transgenic Large Animal Models.  Naomi Dicks, Luis B. Agellon* and Vilceu Bordignon*, *Corresponding authors. Mailing address:

Vilceu Bordignon, McGill University, Department of Animal Science, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada. Phone: 514-398-7793. Fax: 514-398-7964.  E-mail: vilceu.bordignon@mcgill.ca

Luis B. Agellon, McGill University, School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada. Phone: 514-398-7862. Fax: 514-398-7739. E-mail: luis.agellon@mcgill.ca

 

 

Section II. Plants

 

Chapter 7. Apomixis: The Asexual Formation of Seed. Ross Bicknell* and Andrew Catanach, Plant and Food Research, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand

*Corresponding author Tel: 64-3-325-9445, Fax 64-3-315-2074, Email ross.bicknell@plantandfood.co.nz

 

Chapter 8. Somatic Embryogenesis for Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Improvement.

Nassar^1,2,3, A.M.K., S. Kubow², and D.J. Donnelly¹

¹Plant Science Department, ²School of Dietetics & Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Rd., Sainte Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9, ³Pest Control and Environmental Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Al-Gomhouria Street, Damanhour, Albeheira, Egypt PO Box 22516;

danielle.donnelly@mcgill.ca

 

Chapter 9. Brassica Ogu-INRA Cytoplasmic Male Sterility: An Example of Successful Plant Somatic Fusion for Hybrid Seed Production. G. Pelletier* & F. Budar, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA-AgroParisTech UMR 1318, Versailles France.

*Corresponding author: G. Pelletier

Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA-AgroParisTech UMR 1318, Versailles France.

Phone: +33 130 833 317, Fax: +33 130 833 319, E-mail: Georges.Pelletier@versailles.inra.fr

 

Chapter 10. Protoplast Technology in Genome Manipulation of Potato Through Somatic Cell Fusion. Veli-Matti Rokka, PhD, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Biotechnology and Food Research, Myllytie 1, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland, e-mail: veli-matti.rokka@mtt.fi, telephone: +358 29 5317685

 

Chapter 11. Strategic RNA Silencing for Plant Viral Resistance

Jin Ma^1,2, Changxiang Zhu³, Fujiang Wen³ and Xiu-Qing Li¹

¹ Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 6C2, Canada; ² Potato Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 20280, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 4Z7, Canada; ³State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, P. R. China

 

Chapter 12. Targeted Gene Mutation in Plants

Kunling Chen and Caixia Gao *

State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

*Corresponding author. Mailing address: State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Phone:00861064807727; Fax: 00861064807727; E-mail: cxgao@genetics.ac.cn.

 

Section III. General experimental and bioinformatic technologies

 

Chapter 13. Mitochondrial Genetic Manipulation.

Daria Mileshina, Adnan Khan Niazi, Frédérique Weber-Lotfi, José Gualberto and André Dietrich*

Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS and Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France

*Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France. Phone: +33 3 67 15 53 73. Fax: +33 3 88 61 44 42. E-mail: andre.dietrich@ibmp-cnrs.unistra.fr

 

Chapter 14.  Laboratory Methods for Investigating Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Genomes and Transcriptome.  Xiu-Qing Li, PhD (Docteur d’Etat of France) Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 850 Lincoln Road, P.O. Fredericton, NB, Canada E3B 4Z7; e-mail: Xiu-Qing.Li@agr.gc.ca.

 

Chapter 15. Bioinformatic approaches for analysis of gene direction, chromosome base composition, mRNA polyadenylation, and protein network. Xiu-Qing Li, PhD, Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 850 Lincoln Road, P.O. Fredericton, NB, Canada E3B 4Z7; e-mail: Xiu-Qing.Li@agr.gc.ca

O autorze

Dr. Xiu-Qing Li serves as Research Scientist of Moleculat Genetics at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Dr. Li earned his degree of Docteur d’Etat of France in natural science from Université de Paris-Sud (1987), was an associate professor of biotechnology at Peking University (1987-1993), Invited Professor of Genetics (Université de Paris-Sud, 1988), Research Scientist of Molecular Genetics (Chargée de recherche, level II) at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (1987), and Visiting Professor at Purdue University (1991). Dr. Li is the organizer and chair for the annual Somatic Genome Workshops at the International Plant and Animal Genome Conferences (San Diego, 2010-2014).  Dr. Li has extensive research experience and numerous publications on plant somatic genome characterization and manipulation, plant genetic engineering, plant cell technology, somaclonal variation, RNA polyadenylation, potato carbohydrate metabolism and potato processing quality improvement, plant male sterility, bioinformatics, and genome evolution.

Dr. Danielle J. Donnelly serves as Associate Professor of Plant Science at McGill University. Dr. Donnelly earned a doctorate in plant physiology from Simon Fraser University (1984) and a PDF at AAFC-Vancouver (1985). She has been an invited researcher, for periods of 1 year each, at AAFC-Vancouver, BC, The Plant Propagation Centre, NB, Université de Montreal, QC, and AAFC-NB. She currently directs the Plant Tissue Culture Facility on the Macdonald Campus and the Barbados Interdisciplinary Tropical Studies (BITS) field study semester at the Bellairs Research Station in Barbados. Dr. Donnelly conducts research on in vitro technologies for genetic improvement of potato. Field-based selection of somaclonal variants is used for improvement of tuber yield and type while lab-based selections are applied for phytochemical characters for improved human health. Dr. Donnelly has extensive research experience in micropropagation and hydroponic technologies, germplasm storage, and certification programs for clonally propagated species.

Dr. Thomas G. Jensen serves as Professor of Medical Genetics and Head of the Department of Biomedicine at Aarhus University. He graduated as Medical Doctor (MD) from the University of Aarhus (1987) and started his research career in human genetics as a medical student working on molecular genetics of the skin. Following MD graduation he was a research fellow, moving into functional genetics and experimental gene therapy research. In 1995, Dr. Jensen was invited to work in the laboratory of the gene therapy pioneer Michael Blaese at The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA. Dr. Jensen returned to Aarhus in 1997 as an Associate Professor and in 2001 was elected as Head of the Institute. In 2003, Dr. Jensen was appointed as research leader and professor at the Kennedy Institute in Glostrup, Denmark. In 2007, Dr. Jensen returned to Aarhus University as Full Professor, and in 2011 was appointed as Head of the newly formed Department of Biomedicine at Aarhus University.

Blurb

This book brings together previously fragmented information on new technologies in somatic genome manipulation. These technologies are developing quickly across a broad range of disciplines affecting humans and animals, plants, and microorganisms. This book represents the first attempt to assemble updated reviews, detailed protocols, and far-reaching applications in somatic genome manipulation. The chapters are written by experts on the topic with ready-to-use protocols that were originally developed or adapted from the literature in their laboratories.