Solids Under High-Pressure Shock Compression: Mechanics, Physics, and Chemistry

ISBN-13: 9781461392804 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 221 str.

R. a. Graham

Opis

Since the 1950s shock compression research contributed greatly to scientific knowledge and industrial technology. As a result, for example, our understanding of meteorite impacts has substantially improved, and shock processes have become standard industrial methods in materials synthesis and processing. Investigations of shock-compressed matter involve physics, electrical engineering, solid mechanics, metallurgy, geophysics and materials science. The description of shock-compressed matter presented here, which is derived from physical and chemical observations, differs significantly from the classical descriptions derived from strictly mechanical characteristics. This volume, with over 900 references, provides an introduction for scientists and engineers interested in the present state of shock compression science

Spis treści

I. Shock-Compression Science.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Shock Compression of Solids.- 1.2. Fluidlike Deformation of Shock-Compressed Solids.- 1.3. Shock-Compression Paradigms: Benign and Catastrophic.- 1.4. Origins of Shock-Compression Science.- 1.5. Pressure Scale of Events.- 1.6. Review Articles.- 1.7. The Layout of this Work.- 1.8. A Note on Sign Conventions.- II. Mechanical Response of Shock-Compressed Solids.- 2. Basic Concepts and Models.- 2.1. Regimes of Mechanical Response.- 2.2. Nonlinear Elastic Compression.- 2.3. Stress Tensors.- 2.4. The Hugoniot Elastic Limit.- 2.5. Elastic-Plastic Deformation.- 2.6. Hydrodynamic Flow.- 2.7. Phase Transformations.- 2.8. Release Waves.- 2.9. Other Mechanical Aspects.- 2.10. First- and Second-Order Behaviors.- 3. Experimental Methods.- 3.1. Shock-Loading Methods.- 3.2. Measurement of Wave Profiles.- 3.3. Physical Categories of Detectors.- 3.4. Shock-Compression Gauges Cannot Be “Calibrated”.- 3.5. Advances in Measurement Technology.- III. Physical Properties of Shock-Compressed Solids.- 4. Physical Properties Under Elastic Shock Compression.- 4.1. Nonlinear Piezoelectric Properties.- 4.2. Normal Dielectrics.- 4.3. Shock-Induced Conduction in Elastic Dielectrics.- 4.4. Semiconductors Under Large Elastic Strain.- 4.5. Elastic Physical Properties.- 5. Physical Properties Under Elastic-Plastic Compression.- 5.1. Piezoelectric Responses of Crystals in the Elastic-Plastic Range.- 5.2. Piezoelectric Polymers.- 5.3. Ferroelectric Solids.- 5.4. Ferromagnetic Solids.- 5.5. Resistance of Metals.- 5.6. Shock-Induced Electrical Polarization.- 5.7. Electrochemistry.- 5.8. Elastic-Plastic Physical Properties.- IV. Chemical Processes in Shock-Compressed Solids.- 6. Shock-Compression Processes in Solid State Chemistry.- 6.1. Background.- 6.2. Conceptual Models.- 6.3. Mathematical Models.- 6.4. Shock Compression of Porous Powder Compacts.- 6.5. Sample Preservation Technique.- 7. Shock Modification and Shock Activation: Enhanced Solid State Reactivity.- 7.1. Shock Modification.- 7.2. Shock Activation: Enhanced Solid State Reactivity.- 8. Solid State Chemical Synthesis.- 8.1. Zinc Ferrite Synthesis.- 8.2. Intermetallic Compound Synthesis.- 8.3. Metal-Oxide Systems.- 8.4. Shock-Induced Solid State Chemical Synthesis.- V. Shock Compression of Solids as a Mechanical, Physical, Chemical Process.- 9. The Shock-Compression Processes.- 9.1. Solid State Physics and Solid State Chemistry.- 9.2. Future Directions in Shock-Compression Science.- References.- Author Index.