Social Policy Dismantling and De-democratization in Brazil

ISBN-13: 9783031351099 / Angielski / Twarda / 2023

Opis

This book examines the emergence of authoritarian populist regimes, analyzing Brazil as a case study. The authors explain how the tactics employed by the Bolsonaro administration to dismantle bureaucracy and public policies, especially labour and social policies, find expression in the fiscal austerity measures recently inscribed in the Federal Constitution: a counter-democratic device employed by technical and financial elites to systemically derail the social protection system.Through this in-depth case study, the book presents new theoretical arguments and concepts that can be useful to understand the dynamics of such new regimes, and discussing similar cases in other contexts. Democratic governments in Brazil, driven by social movements and political actors, have strengthened social protection through a distinctive institutional architecture that combines the strengthening of public bureaucracies, the creation of intergovernmental networks, and the democratic instances of social participation and agreement. The contributions throughout this volume analyze these transformations in different sectors of public policy, such as labour, employment, pensions, food and nutrition security, health, and social assistance. Each contribution discusses the recent trajectory through a political analysis of the main actors and institutions, reform processes and policy changes, and the results achieved. Finally, the existing weaknesses in each of these social protection sectors are identified in the context of the literature on policy dismantling, revealing the strategies used to take advantage of these political and institutional weaknesses.
This book will appeal to students, scholars, and researchers of political science and public policy, interested in a better understanding of de-democratization by social policy dismantling.

Spis treści

Part 1. Theoretical Approaches to the Welfare State in Latin America.- Chapter 1. The Welfare State: in Search of a Latin-American Theory.- Part 2. Austerity Policies and Economic Constraints.- Chapter 2. The Institutional Construction of Post-1988 Austerity.- Part 3. Employment and Social Security.- Chapter 3. Labor Reforms and the Crisis of Democratic Corporatism.- Chapter 4. The Dismantling of Employment Policies in Brazil: Employability Without Rights.- Chapter 5. Pension System at a Crossroads: Between Frail Solidarity and Financial Appropriation.- Part 4. Networks of Social Policies Under the Aegis of De-democratization.- Chapter 6. The Universal Right to Health in Brazil: From Restricted Expansion to Dismantling.- Chapter 7. The Brazilian System for Food and Nutrition Security: Tensions, Conflicts, and Paradoxes.- Chapter 8. Advancing Toward the Past: the Dismantling of the Unified Social Assistance System.- Chapter 9. Authoritarian Populism, De-democratization and Social Policy Dismantling: Lessons from Brazil.

O autorze

Sonia Fleury is a senior researcher from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation’s (FIOCRUZ) Center of Strategic Studies and coordinator of the Interinstitutional Study Group on Futures of Social Protection. Previously, she was a full professor at the School of Public Administration and Business at Getulio Vargas Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fleury holds a PhD in Political Science and a Master Degree in Sociology. Her research focuses on democracy, social protection, and citizenship in Latin America. She was among the top 10.000 Scientists in Latin America according to the AD Scientific Index Ltd. World Scientist and University Rankings 2021.