Preface xPart I Theoretical Foundation of Social Media Use 11 Why Study Social Media? 3Overview 3The Power of Social Media 4Social Media in a Time of Distrust 4The "Us vs. Them" Mentality 5Digitization and Digitalization 5Adoption Models of Media Technologies 7Theory Highlight: Construal Level Theory 9Summary 10Looking Ahead 10Discussion 10References 112 Media Technology and Human Civilization 12Overview 12Definition of Social Media 13Definition of Technology 15Four Eras of Human Civilization 16Theory Highlight: Technology Determinism 21Summary 23Looking Ahead 23Discussion 24References 243 Social Media and Computer-Mediated Communication 26Overview 26Social Change 27Computer-Mediated Communication 27Verbal and Nonverbal Cues 29Interpersonal Communication 30Uncertainty Reduction Theory 31Social Information Processing Theory 32ICT and Communication 32Popularity of Social Media 33Group Communication 34Information Seeking 35Theory Highlight: Uses and Gratifications Theory 36Summary 37Looking Ahead 38Discussion 38References 384 Social Media, Judgment, and Decision Making 42Overview 42Media Technology and Brain Activity 43Judgment and Decision-Making Research 44Selective Exposure 45JDM and Social Endorsement 47The Power of Social Context 49Social Media for Patient Support 50Theory Highlight: Cognitive Dissonance Theory 51Summary 52Looking Ahead 52Discussion 52References 525 Social Media and Behavior 55Overview 55Social Media and News Consumption 56Social Media and Health Behavior 58The Culture of Sharing 60Knowledge Collaboration 61Theory Highlight: Social Cognitive Theory 62Summary 62Looking Ahead 63Discussion 63References 636 Social Media and Privacy Concern 66Overview 66Internet Privacy Concern 67Scholarly Perspectives Toward IPC 67Four Epochs 68Social Media Surveillance 69Generation Gap in IPC 70Privacy Concern at the Workplace 71Privacy Risks and Coping Strategies 72Theory Highlight: Need for Cognition 73Summary 74Looking Ahead 75Discussion 75References 757 Social Media and Culture 78Overview 78Cultural Diversity 78Five Dimensions of Cultural Differences 80Cultural Evolution 82Cultural Influence on Social Media Usage 83Cultural Differences in Social Media Activities 84Theory Highlight: Cultivation Theory 85Summary 86Looking Ahead 86Discussion 87References 878 Problematic Use of Social Media 90Overview 90Warm Feelings in Social Media Use 91Mechanism of PUSM 92Reward System and Self-Control 94FOMO and Phubbing 95Cyber Troops and Social Media Manipulation 96Relief of PUSM 99Theory Highlight: Third-Person Effect 101Summary 102Looking Ahead 102Discussion 102References 102Part II Social Media for Social Change 1079 Business Use of Social Media 109Overview 109Business Adoption of ICT 110Business Use of Social Media and Benefits 111Virtual Customer Environment 114Work Performance 115Social Capital 116Information Benefits in Social Networks 117Government Use of Social Media 118Theory Highlight: Social Network Theory 119Summary 121Looking Ahead 121Discussion 121References 12210 Social Media Reshape the News Industry 124Overview 124News Consumption Habit Change 126The Power of News Media 127News Decision Making 129The Power of Facebook Algorithms 129Fake News and Misinformation 132Declining Trust in News Media 133News Media and Social Media Giants 135Theory Highlight: Agenda-Setting Theory 136Summary 137Looking Ahead 137Discussion 137References 13711 Social Media and Healthcare 139Overview 139Health Information on Social Media 140Patients' Use of Social Media 141Health Professionals' Use of Social Media 142Values of Social Media Support Groups 143Health Information Support 144Trust in Doctors 146Theory Highlights: Health Belief Model and Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication Model 147Summary 148Looking Ahead 148Discussion 149References 14912 The App Economy and Artificial Intelligence 152Overview 1521. The App Economy 152Apps Promote Business 154The App Intelligence 155App Store Optimization 156Trends of App Development 157Trends of Mobile Commerce Apps 158Discussion 158References 159Overview 1602. Artificial Intelligence 160AI Helps Social Media Penetration 160AI-Powered Business Solutions 161The Algorithm Experience 162Social Media and AI 163AI Empowers Marketers 164Theory Highlight: Knowledge Gap Hypothesis 164Summary 165Looking Ahead 166Discussion 166References 16613 Social Media and Social Movement 168Overview 168Social Media Speed Up Social Movements 169New Path to Social Power 170Mobilization and Coalition Building 171Networked Publics 173Social Media and Democracy 173Theory Highlight: Diffusion of Innovation Theory 176Summary 178Looking Ahead 178Discussion 178References 17814 The Future of Social Media 181Overview 181Young and Old Fish 181Two Premises 182The Model of Two-Stage Development 183Digital Skills at the Workplace 185Ethical Social Media Sites 186Fake News on Social Media 187Social Connectivity 188Summary 189Discussion 189References 190Index 191
BU ZHONG is Professor of Journalism and Communications, Donald P. Bellisario College of Communications, Pennsylvania State University, USA. His research centers on information processing mediated by digital media technology, particularly how judgment, decisions, and behavior may be altered by social media information. Before joining academia, Professor Zhong worked as a journalist for over a decade in Beijing, Washington D.C., and Atlanta.