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Saints and Sinners in the Sky: Astronomy, Religion and Art in Western Culture
ISBN-13: 9783030842697 / Angielski / Miękka / 2022 / 190 str.
Saints and Sinners in the Sky: Astronomy, Religion and Art in Western Culture
ISBN-13: 9783030842697 / Angielski / Miękka / 2022 / 190 str.
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"This is a lovely book. ... It is thought-provoking, highly readable, and well referenced. It is a book all astronomers will enjoy, and it should make our visits to art galleries both more frequent, and more beneficial." (David W. Hughes, The Observatory, Vol. 142 (1290), October, 2022)
PREFACE
PART ONE: ARTISTIC ASTRONOMY AND RELIGIOUS ICONOGRAPHY
Prologue
Chapter I. Astronomical Constellations and How to Portray Them
Chapter II. New Players, New Roles
Chapter III. The Schiller Enterprise
Chapter IV. The Christianized Zodiac of the Northern Hemisphere
Chapter V. The Christianized Zodiac of the Southern Hemisphere
Chapter VI Responses --- Theological and Astronomical
PART TWO: ASTRONOMY IN CHRISTIAN ARTPrologue
Chapter VII. Constellations of the Pagans in Christian Art
Chapter VIII. Beyond Constellations: Astronomical Components in Religious Art
PART THREE: CONSTELLATIIONS IN SECULAR ART AND ARCHITECTURE
Prologue
Chapter IX. Rubens and Astronomy
Chapter X. Astronomy-Art Connections in Multi-Media
Chapter XI. Constellations as Decorative Architecture
Chapter XII. Modern Art and the Many Themes of Constellations
Chapter XIII. Astronomical Stars of Modern Art
Epilogue
Sources and References
Acknowledgements
CHAPTER SPECIFICS
Chapter I. Astronomical Constellations and How to Portray Them
Scope and Scale
Focus on the Constellations
The First Depictions of Constellations
Reformations in Religion and Science—and the art to visualize them.
Star Pictures from Earth
The View from Another Planet
Constellations Evolve
The Amazing Number Twelve
The Origins and Evolution of Celestial Atlases: Secular to Religious- The Farnese Globe
- Printed Star Maps
- Demise of the Artistic Celestial Atlas
- The Line-and-Dot Constellations.
Chapter II. New Players, New Roles
Allesandro Piccolomini
Johannes Bayer
Julius Schiller
Father Drexel, S. J.
Andreas Cellarius
Chapter III. The Schiller Enterprise
-Pagans and Prophets, Beasts and Bullies, Saints and Sinners.
-Options for Introducing a New Celestial Atlas
-Endorsements and Publicity
-Schiller Tells His Story
-But What Did the Apostles Look Like?
-The Grand and Glorious Plan for a Starry Christian Heaven.
Chapter IV. The Christianized Zodiac of the Northern Hemisphere
Chapter V. The Christianized Zodiac of the Southern Hemisphere
Chapter VI. Responses --- Theological and AstronomicalCounter-Iconoclasts: The Destruction of Images—Terrestrial and Celestial
Counter-Art: Luther’s position on the styles of religious art
Counter-Clergy
Counter-Science
The Rise of the New Astronomy
What was Schiller’s View on Science?
A Decidedly Narrow Scope
The Reaction of Astronomers: Johannes Hevelius Speaks for the Professionals
PART TWO: ASTRONOMY IN CHRISTIAN ART
Prologue
Chapter VII. Pagan Constellations in Christian Art
Illuminated Manuscripts
Constantine’s Dream—A Celestial Globe in the Sky
Impact of Galileo’s New Astronomy upon Religious Art
Jesus and the Celestial Sphere: A Mosaic for the Russian Orthodox Cathedral
in St. Petersburg
Chapter VIII. Beyond Constellations: Astronomical Components in Religious Art
Depicting the birth and death of Christ
· Giotto’s Christmas comet
· Sun and Moon scenes at the Crucifixion and Resurrection
Botticelli’s fresco of St. Augustine with his celestial sphere
The Muggeltonians: Biblical versus Newtonian Cosmologies
Jesuits teaching astronomy in China
PART THREE: CONSTELLATIONS IN SECULAR ART AND ARCHITECTURE
Prologue
Chapter IX. Rubens and Astronomy
Chapter X. Constellation-Art Connections in Multi-Media
Astronomy Minted: Coins and Medallions from Ancient Rome.
Celestial Globes as Public Art
An Atlas for the Rock
New Aspects of Space in Rome: Zada Hadid and Anselm Kiefer
The Fabric of the Universe: Tapestries with Astronomical Content
Model Solar Systems: Constellations of Planets
Einstein and Alexander Calder’s Mobile Solar System
Chapter XI. Constellations as Decorative Architecture
Palazzo della Ragione, La Villa Farnesina, J.P. Morgan LibrarySargent and the American Renaissance
A Zodiac for Chicago’s Public Library.
Grand Central Terminal’s Ceiling of Constellations
Stazione Milano Centrale
Chapter XII. Modern Art and the Many Themes of Constellations
Universe in a Box: The Assembled Heavens of Joseph Cornell
Picasso and his Constellations
Miró: Constellations as Complexities
Chapter XIII. Astronomical Stars of Modern Art
Vincent Van Gogh
Edvard Munch
Georgia O’Keeffe
Jasper Johns
Salvador Dalí
Michael Mendillo is Professor of Astronomy at Boston University. His science career deals with research in solar-terrestrial space physics, planetary science, and newly discovered planets orbiting stars in our galaxy. Professor Mendillo has assembled one of the largest privately-held collections of antiquarian astronomical maps, charts and atlases. They form the basis of the Celestial Images exhibitions held at many university art galleries, the Smithsonian Institution and the US National Academy of Science. His teaching of astronomy to non-science majors stresses interdisciplinary topics and their connectivity (science-art-religion-society).
In this book, Boston University Professor of Astronomy Michael Mendillo takes readers deep into the annals of history, showing how visual depictions of the heavens evolved in tandem with science and religion throughout much of Western culture.
With unprecedented scope and scale, Professor Mendillo explores how cave art, illuminated manuscripts, sculptures, paintings and architecture reflected some of the great religious and secular battles taking place over the course of centuries. Enter a world of biblical proportions, where constellations of ancient heroes and pagans were thoroughly recast as Christian saints and the Twelve Apostles.
This nontechnical narrative brings vitality and accessibility to some of the most enduring subjects in human history, offering a lively new exploration of the visual connections between celestial phenomena and artistic expression.
“Ever wonder how religion and art became forces of imagination on our night skies? Or how the night skies became forces of imagination on our religion and art? In this brilliant study of constellations and culture, Michael Mendillo, professor of astronomy at Boston University, reveals that the canopy of stars has been an ideologically contested space from the beginning, ensuring that the next time you look up, the sky will look completely different to you.”- Neil deGrasse Tyson, Director, Hayden Planetarium, American Museum of Natural History
"Saints and Sinners impressionistically reveals the connections of art, astronomy, and religion in Western culture to illuminate the age-old quest for celestial-terrestrial connections.” - Roberta J.M. Olson, author of Giotto’s Portrait of Halley’s Comet and Cosmos: The Art and Science of the Universe
“Professor Mendillo’s book does a priceless service, opening the doors of our minds to images that will stir us, because the heavens are part of us, and we all long to know how and why.” - Rev. David R. Thom, MIT Chaplain and Convener of the Cambridge Faculty Roundtable on Science, Art & Religion
"Over a lifetime devoted to astronomical research and teaching, Michael Mendillo has indulged a parallel passion for artistic representations of the heavenly bodies. In this sumptuous volume, he explores the projection of our changing belief systems onto the constant stars.” - Dava Sobel, author of Longitude, Galileo’s Daughter and The Glass Universe
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