Preface; Abbreviations; 1. Efforts to establish multilateral rules; 2. The Uruguay round agreement on rules of origin: the harmonization work programme of non-preferential rules of origin; 3. Preferential rules of origin; 4. The economics of rules of origin; 5. Experiences in drafting preferential rules of origin in GSP schemes, Africa, Asia and Latin America; 6. Drafting rules of origin; 7. The administration of rules of origin.