Robotics and Artificial Intelligence

ISBN-13: 9783642821554 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 696 str.

Michael Brady; L. a. Gerhardt; H. F. Davidson

Opis

Dr. Lester A. Gerhardt Professor and Chairman Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, New York 12180 This book is a collection of papers on the subject of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence. Most of the papers contained herein were presented as part of the program of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held in June 1983 at Castel vecchio Pascoli, Italy on the same subject. Attendance at this two week Institute was by invitation only, drawing people internationally representing industry, government and the academic community worldwide. Many of the people in attendance, as well as those presenting papers, are recognized leaders in the field. In addition to the formal paper presentations, there were several informal work shops. These included a workshop on sensing, a workshop on educational methodology in the subject area, as examples. This book is an outgrowth and direct result of that Institute and includes the papers presented as well as a few others which were stimulated by that meeting. A special note is the paper entitled "State-of-the-Art and Predictions for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" by Dr. R. Nagel which appears in the Introduction and Overview chapter of this book. This paper was originally developed as part of a study for the United States Army performed by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Science and published as part of a report entitled "Applications of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence to Reduce Risk and Improve Effectiveness" by National Academy Press in 1983."

Spis treści

I. Introduction and Overview.- State of the Art and Predictions for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.- Robotics.- II. Sensors, Manipulators, and Pattern Recognition.- Methods for Choosing Actuators and Transmission Components for High Performance Manipulators.- Tactile Sensing for Robots.- Automatic Recognition of Low Resolution Tactile Sensing Data Using Rapid Transformation.- On Patterns and Pattern Recognition.- Segmentation of Digital Arcs.- III. Languages, Software and Cad.- Automatic Synthesis of Robot Programs from CAD Specifications.- Languages for Programming Robots.- CAD, Robot Programming and Ada.- New Directions in Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Systems.- IV. Vision, Object Representation, Shape and Solid Modeling.- Object Representation, Identification, and Positioning from Range Data.- Representing Shape.- Two Multi-Processor Systems for Low-Level Real-Time Vision.- Tracking Robot Motion in Three-Dimensional Space: A Laser Scanning Approach.- V. Systems, Control and Mobility.- Nonlinear Control with Hierarchy for Coordinated Operation of Robots.- Machines That Walk.- Mobile Robots.- Sensor Programming — A New Way for Teaching a Robot Paths and Sensory Patterns Simultaneously.- Application of Variable Structure Systems Theory in Manipulator Control.- Robotic Mechanics and Animal Morphology.- VI. Applications.- Industrial.- Applications and Requirements for Industrial Robots.- Applications of Industrial Robots.- Applications of Industrial Robots — Technical and Economical Constraints.- Robot Applications Within General Motors.- The IBM European Robotic Applications Laboratory.- The Organizational Impacts of Computer Based Manufacturing.- Recovering from Failures: A New Challenge for Industrial Robots.- Medical.- to Robotics in Medicine.- Expert Systems and the Concept of Knowledge.- Robotics at a Biomedical Cyclotron Facility.- Medical Laboratory Automation Using Robotics.- The Application of Robotics to the Patient with High Spinal Cord Injury.- VII. The future.- Industrial Robots: Present and Future.- Social Implications of Automation.- List of Speakers.- List of Participants.