Risks in Modern Society

ISBN-13: 9781402082887 / Angielski / Twarda / 2008 / 332 str.

Hans-J??rgen Bischoff

Opis

The International Section on Machine and System Safety was founded in 1975 to deal with questions on occupational risks in this ?eld at the inter- tional level. It is a member of the Special Commission on Prevention of the International Social Security Association (ISSA). The Special Commission is a body within ISSA that focuses on work-related risks. It has 11 inter- tional Sections as members. ISSA was founded in 1927 with its headquarters in Geneva. It is working worldwide in over 150 countries with nearly 370 member institutions from all ?elds of social security. TheSection on Machine and System Safety, when it was founded, had its focus on machine safety, particularly on the ma- facturing of safe machinery, on assisting developing countries to be able to buy safe used machinery, and on delivering clear operating instructions. Our members and partners are: - institutions for safety and health at work; - insurance companies dealing with work-related risks; - research institutions; and - various enterprises, e.g. manufacturers, importers and users of machines and systems/installations. We thus bring together the experiences of our members and partners. The role of the operators soon grew in importance, and their capability for ha- ling machinery became an important factor for the safety and success of enterprises. The growing importance and complexity of handling different man-machine-environment situations created new challenges and led to - larging the Section's tasks to machine and system safety.

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"This multiauthored work, volume 13 of the 'Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability, and Quality' series, addresses risk and risk management in a more general fashion ... . The book is intended for academic course work ... and as a resource for practitioners or researchers in fields such as safety and risk assessment and management, emergency planning, reliability and vulnerability assessment and management, and quality assurance. ... Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through practitioners." (R. E. Buntrock, Choice, Vol. 46 (2), October, 2008)

Spis treści

Foreword by Norbert Weis and Hans-Jürgen Bischoff To the Reader About the Authors I. Introduction Hans-Jürgenl Bischoff 1.1 Major Social Changes 1.2 Major Societal Changes 1.3 Risk Profiles in Modern Work Life 1.3.1 Comprehensive Risk Paradigm 1.3.2 Risk Managelnent Model 1.3.3 Typification of Risks 1.3.4 Precautionary Principle References 1 2. Challenges to Global Governance in the Changing World of Work Jorma Rantanen 2.1 Changing World of Work and Constant Development of Technologies 2.1.1 Globalization 2.1.2 New Trends in Economic Structures and Conditions of Work 2.1.3 Fragmentation of Work Life 2.1.4 Modern Insecure Work Life 2.1.5 The Situation in Enterprises 2.1.6 Changes in Occupational Structures 2.1.7 Work Contracts and Employment 2.1.8 Ageing Workers 2.2 Challenges to Global Governance 2.2.1 New Arenas for Risk Management 2.2.2 New Balance in the Governance of Risks 2.2.3 International Actions for Global Governance 2.2.4 Need for Broader Approach 2.2.5 Global Compact 2.2.6 OECD Principles for Corporate Governance 2.2.7 Governance of Global Work Life by the International Labour Organization, ILO 2.2.8 Occupational Safety and Health as Global Common Goods 2.2.9 Occupational Safety and Health Risk Management in View of Global Governance 2.2.10 WHO Global Governance of Pandemics and Global Epidemics 2.2.11 Governance of OSH Risks at the Enterprise Level: Safety Culture and Systems Approach References 3. Risk Governance: Combining Facts and Values in Risk Management Ortwin Renn 3.1 Risk in a Broader Context 3.2 The Phase of Pre-Assessment 3.3 Risk Assessment 3.3.1 Steps of RiskAssessment 3.3.2 Generic Challenges for Risk Assessment 3.4 Risk Perception 3.5 Risk Appraisal 3.6 Risk Classification 3.7 Evaluating Risks 3.8 Risk Treatment withn the Frame of Risk Management 3.8.1 Designing Risk Treatment Options 3.8.2 Basic Risk Treatment Strategies 3.9 Stakeholder Involvement and Participation 3.10 Risk Communication References 4. Governance of Occupational Safety and Health and Environmental Risks Siegfried Radandt, Jorma Rantanen and Ortwin Renn Introduction 4.1 Occupational Safety (by Siegfried Radandt) 4.1.1 Introduction 4.1.2 Occupational Risks 4.1.3 Ergonomic Problems 4.1.4 The Complexity of Risks Annex 1 - Terms According to IS0 Guide 73 and IS0 Guide 51 References 4.2 Occupational Health (by Jorma Rantanen) 4.2.1 Occupational Health Risk Panorama 4.2.2 Global Burden of Occupational Diseases 4.2.3 Occupational Morbidity 4.2.4 Assessment of Occupational Health Risks 4.2.5 Diagnosis of Occupational Diseases 4.2.6 Future Trends - New Occupational Morbidity References 4.3 An Application of Risk Governance to Environmental Risk (by Ortwin Renn) Preface 4.3.1 Introduction 4.3.2 Ethical Foundations of Human Interventions into the Environment 4.3.3 A Decision-Analytic Approach to Environmental Risk Governance References 5. New Emerging Risks Siegfried Radandt and Ortwin Renrz 5.1 New Risks (by Siegfried Radandt) 5.1.1 Nanotechnologies 5.1.2 Mechatronic Systems References 5.2 Strategies and Methods, the Precautionary Principle in Particular: Application to Integrative Risk Governance (by Ortwin Renn) 5.2.1 Introduction 5.2.2 The Precau

Blurb

Risks in a changing and global world are complex and interconnected, even more so in a globalized world consisting of many societies at very different levels of development.

Work life is strongly influenced by all forms of globalization - for example, the growing gap between rich and poor; demographic transition towards ageing or very young societies; growing mobility of people; the rapid diffusion of new technologies and a variety of working and environmental conditions in highly industrialized and developing countries; let alone rapidly changing economic structures including new types of enterprises and occupations.

Good governance for handling occupational safety, population health and environmental quality has become one of the decisive criteria for ensuring competitive business structures, quality performance and high motivation by workers, excellent conditions of public health and societal well-being and functioning of corporate and community policies and services. Furthermore, risk governance is crucial for sustainable development, the preservation of diverse life styles, and social cohesion. Social networks, cultural and religious as well as political and media environments benefit from a system in which threats to safety, health and the environment are well taken care of. Occupational safety and health is an important public good, and a prerequisite for effective and enduring social security systems.

The main goal of this book is to make the reader familiar with the complexity and multi-dimensionality of the subject RISK, focusing on the changing character of work in a globalised economy. The main emphasis is on providing practical guidelines for improved risk governance, i.e., how to find adequate solutions through integrated methods of risk assessment, risk handling and risk communication for the benefit of everyone: employers, workers, other stakeholders as well as shareholders and society at large.