Retinal Detachment Surgery

ISBN-13: 9781447116233 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 162 str.

Anthony H. Chignell

Opis

Recent developments in the field of retinal detachment surgery have called for a substantial revision of the previous edition of this text. The most significant advances have focused around the increased use of pars plana vitrectomy and of various intraocular gases. The illustrations have also been improved, including more colour material, and the references have been revised and supplemented where indicated. The basic format of the first edition has, nevertheless, been adhered to: namely, a concise textbook on retinal detachment surgery which will enable the reader to attain a sequential approach to the examination and treatment of patients with retinal detachment. The clear presentation will benefit those in training as well as the more experienced general ophthalmologist who normally does not specialize in vitreo-retinal surgery, but who has to cope with retinal detachment surgical problems.

Spis treści

1. Pathogenesis, Predisposing Factors, Presentation and Methods of Examination.- Definition.- Pathogenesis.- The Vitreous.- Retinal Breaks.- Retinal Detachment.- Natural History.- Predisposing Factors.- Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.- Classical Symptoms.- Other Symptoms.- Techniques of Examination.- Indirect Ophthalmoscopy and Scleral Depression.- Direct Ophthalmoscopy.- Visual Fields.- Other Investigations.- References.- 2. Preoperative Examination.- Initial Slit-Lamp Examination.- Cornea.- Anterior Chamber.- Iris.- Lens.- Retrolental Space.- Anterior Vitreous.- Indirect Ophthalmoscopy of the Posterior Segment.- Anatomical Landmarks.- Details of Retinal Detachment.- Peripheral Retinal Degenerations.- Benign Peripheral Lesions.- Lesions That May Predispose to Retinal Detachment.- Retinoschisis.- Three-Mirror Examination.- Angle of Anterior Chamber.- Vitreous.- Retinal Details and Vitreo-retinal Relationships.- Characteristics of Various Types of Retinal Detachment.- Aphakic Detachment.- Dislocated or Subluxated Lenses.- Retinal Dialysis.- Giant Retinal Breaks.- Macular Breaks.- Retinoschisis Complicated by Detachment.- Uveal Colobomas.- Differential Diagnosis of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.- Retinoschisis and Retinal Detachment.- Non-rhegmatogenous and Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.- References.- 3. Preoperative Management and Operative Planning.- Preoperative Management.- Immobihsation of the Eye.- Medical Treatment.- Removal of Infected Buckles.- Selection of Operative Procedure.- Methods of Adhesion.- Scleral Buckles.- Non-drainage Operation.- Indications for the Drainage of Subretinal Fluid.- Intravitreal Injections.- Conventional Surgery in Special Cases.- Rhegmatogenous Detachment Without Apparent Breaks.- Retinoschisis Complicated by Retinal Detachment.- Retinal Detachment Complicated by Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.- Indications for Vitrectomy.- Prophylactic Surgery.- Retinal Breaks.- Retinal Degenerations.- Other Indications.- Summary.- References.- 4. Surgical Details.- Initial Dissection.- The Lids.- The Cornea.- Conjunctival Incision.- Isolation of Muscles and Exposure of Sclera.- Order of Procedure.- Cryotherapy.- Operative Complications.- Localisation of Retinal Breaks.- Buckle Sutures.- Placement.- Local Explants.- Encircling Bands.- Combined Local and Encircling Procedures.- Handling a Sponge Explant.- Drainage of Subretinal Fluid.- Selecting a Site.- Technique.- Complications.- Tightening the Buckle Sutures.- Problems in Placing the Buckle.- Intravitreal Injection of Gas.- Technique.- Operative Complications.- Closure of the Wound.- Methods of Prophylactic Treatment.- Laser Photocoagulation.- Cryotherapy.- Complications.- References.- 5. Postoperative Management, Complications and Failure.- Mobihsation.- External Signs.- Postoperative Activity.- Recovery of Vision.- The Cryotherapy Lesion.- Behaviour of Subretinal Fluid.- Early Complications.- Sudden Blindness.- Infection.- Previous Corneal Grafts.- Anterior Segment Ischaemia.- Sterile Uveitis.- Glaucoma.- Postoperative CompUcations of Intravitreal Gas.- Choroidal Detachment.- Vitreous Haemorrhage.- Exudative Retinal Detachment.- Late Comphcations.- Cosmesis.- Explant Extrusion and Infection.- Intraocular Erosion of Explants.- Postoperative Pain.- Postoperative Diplopia.- Refractive Changes.- Intraocular Changes.- Failure in Retinal Detachment Surgery.- Surgery of Failed Cases.- Follow-up of Patients.- References.