Resinography: An Introduction to the Definition, Identification, and Recognition of Resins, Polymers, Plastics, and Fibers

ISBN-13: 9781468407532 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 194 str.

Theodore Rochow

Opis

Resinography is a strange new word to many people. Like all scientific terms, it is a word coined for a specific purpose: to indicate (in this case) that resins, polymers, and plastics write their own history on the molecular and other structural levels. The word indicates further that anyone trained and equipped to ask the right questions (by means of instruments and techniques) will be able to read that history. That person must have sufficient training and experience to interpret the answers, of course, and he or she needs to have the temperament of a detective. But in the end, as readers of this book will discover, one is able to identify the material, to determine its history of treatment, and to learn much about its possible field of usefulness. Obviously, the resinographer seeks to do the same thing with res ins, polymers, and plastics that the metallographer does with metals and their alloys. Often the investigative techniques and the instru ments, too, are similar, but sometimes they are decidedly different. Perhaps it would be best to say that resinography and metallographyl (and petrography as well) share a common origin, and that origin is deeply rooted in microscopy. The "grandfather" of all three "ographies" was Henry Clifton Sorby (1826-1908),2 who initiated 3 metallography and petrography, and was the first to report on the microstructure of a resin (amber, a natural fossil resin)."

Spis treści

1. Definitions, General Scope, and Limitations of Resinography.- Some Essentials 1 · The World of Plastic Materials 4 · The Plan 6 · The Visual Process, Macroscopical and Microscopical 8 · Some Hints 10 · Summary 12 · Suggestions for Further Reading 14 · References 15.- 2. Methods of Investigation.- Level I. The Molecular Level 28 · Level II. The Level of Phases. The Different Kinds of Microscopes 38 · Level III. Methods for Examining Surfaces 39 · Level IV. Methods for Investigating Bulk Materials 42 · Summary 47 · Suggestions for Further Reading 50 · References 50.- 3. Resins and Polymers at the Molecular Level.- Summary 63 · Suggestions for Further Reading 64 · References 65.- 4. Resins and Polymers on Level II: Phases.- Rosin and Other Natural Resins 72 · Polymers and Elastomers 73 · Recognition of Phases 77 · Structure vs. Morphology in Crystallography 77 · Separation of Phases 80 · Summary 81 · Suggestions for Further Reading 83 · References 83.- 5. Level III: Surfaces.- Summary 101 · Suggestions for Further Reading 102 · References 103.- 6. Level IV: Materials.- Multiphase Plastic Materials 108 · Summary 119 · Suggestions for Further Reading 121 · References 122.- 7. More about Composites.- Composites with Metals 124 · Composites with Glass, Minerals, and Metal Oxides 131 · Composites with Waxes 135 · Summary 135 · Suggestions for Further Reading 136 · References 136.- 8. Static Testing and Recording.- Sampling 140 · Photographs 141 · A Typical “Postmortem” Examination 141 · Summary 143 · References 145.- 9. Dynamic Testing and Recording.- Dynamic Observation of a Polymer System 147 · Observation during Dynamic Testing 150 · Summary 155 · References 156.- 10. Some Constructive Applications of Resinography.- Powders and Preforms Used in Molding 157 · Summary 162 · References 163.- Author Index.