Resilience and Sustainability in Relation to Natural Disasters: A Challenge for Future Cities

ISBN-13: 9783319043159 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 79 str.

Paolo Gasparini; Gaetano Manfredi; Domenico Asprone

Opis

The number of megacities worldwide is rapidly increasing and contemporary cities are also expanding fast. As a result, cities and their inhabitants are becoming increasingly vulnerable to the effects of catastrophic natural events such as extreme weather events (recently more frequent and intense as a result of the ongoing climate changes), earthquakes, tsunamis or man-induced events such as terrorist attacks or accidents. Furthermore, due to increasing technological complexity of urban areas, along with increasing population density, cities are becoming more and more risk attractors.The resilience of cities against catastrophic events is a major challenge of today. It requires city transformation processes to be rethought, to mitigate the effects of extreme events on the vital functions of cities and communities. Redundancy and robustness of the components of the urban fabric are essential to restore the full efficiency of the city's vital functions after an extreme event has taken place. These items were addressed by an interdisciplinary and international selection of scientists during the 6th UN-World Urban Forum that was held in Naples, Italy in September 2012.This volume represents in six chapters the views from sociologists, economists and scientists working on natural risk and physical vulnerability on resilience and sustainability for future cities in relation to natural disasters.

Spis treści

1.       Economic Resilience and Its Contribution to the Sustainability of Cities (Adam Rose)

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Vulnerability

1.3. Resilience and Sustainability

1.4. Defining economic Resilience

1.5. Quantification of Economic Resilience

1.6. Economic Resilience Options

1.7. The Effectiveness and cost of Economic Resilience

1.8. Conclusion

 2.       Modeling Social Networks and Community Resilience in Chronic Disasters: Case Studies from volcanic areas in Ecuador and Mexico (Graham A. Tobin, Linda M. Whiteford, Arthur D. Murphy, Eric C. Jones and Christopher McCarty)

2.1. Introduction

2.2.  Study Sites

2.3. Methods

2.4. Results

2.5. Conclusions

2.6. Acknowledgements

 3.       Climate Change Adaptation in Urban Planning in African Cities – The CLUVA project (Gertrud Jørgensen, Lise Byskov Herslund, Dorthe Hedensted Lund, Abraham Workneh, Wilbard Kombe, Souleymane Gueye)

3.1   Introduction

3.2. The African Urban Context and the CLUVA Project

3.3. Climate Change Adaptation and Urban Planning

3.4. Planning Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation

3.5. Adaptation Measures – Findings from CLUVA Cities

3.7. Perspectives and conclusions – Adaptation at City Level

 4.      “Resilience for All” and “Collective Resilience”: Are These Planning Objectives Consistent with One Another?( Kalliopi Sapountzaki)

4.1. Introduction: Clarifying the Terms “Resilience”, “Social Resilience” and “Resilient City”

4.2. Resilient Governments / Institutions: Who Takes the Vulnerability?

4.3. Resilient People: Do They Mitigate City’s Vulnerability?

4.4.  Resilience in Mega Cities: Selecting Among Risk Mitigation Targets

4.5. Conclusions: Myths and Dilemmas on the “Resilient City”

4.6. Recommendations

 5.       Linking Sustainability and Resilience of Future Cities (D. Asprone, A. Prota and G. Manfredi)

5.1. Introduction

5.2.  Different Approaches to City Resilience

5.3. Sustainability of Urban Systems

5.4. Linking Resilience and Sustainability

5.5. Conclusions

5.6. Recommendations

 6.       Natural Hazards Impacting on Future Cities (Paolo Gasparini, Angela Di Ruocco and Raffaella Russo)

6.1. The Urban Development Scenario

6.2. Natural Hazards Impacting on Future Cities

6.3. A Better Way to Estimate Damages

6.4. How to Manage Urban Catastrophic Events

6.5. The Future

 7.       “Resilience and sustainability in Relation to Disasters: A Challenge for Future Cities” – Common Vision and Recommendations (Gaetano Manfredi, Adam Rose, Kalliopi Sapountzaki,

Gertrud Jørgensen, Edith Callaghan, Graham Tobin, Paolo Gasparini & Domenico Asprone)