Resilience: A New Paradigm of Nuclear Safety: From Accident Mitigation to Resilient Society Facing Extreme Situations

ISBN-13: 9783319587677 / Angielski / Twarda / 2017 / 356 str.

Joonhong Ahn; Franck Guarnieri; Kazuo Furuta

Opis

This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book summarizes presentations and discussions from the two-day international workshop held at UC Berkeley in March 2015, and derives questions to be addressed in multi-disciplinary research toward a new paradigm of nuclear safety. The consequences of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident in March 2011 have fuelled the debate on nuclear safety: while there were no casualties due to radiation, there was substantial damage to local communities. The lack of common understanding of the basics of environmental and radiological sciences has made it difficult for stakeholders to develop effective strategies to accelerate recovery, and this is compounded by a lack of effective decision-making due to the eroded public trust in the government and operators. Recognizing that making a society resilient and achieving higher levels of safety relies on public participation in and feedback on decision-making, the book focuses on risk perception and mitigation in its discussion of the development of resilient communities.

Spis treści

Introduction.- Part I: What are damages in Nuclear Accidents?- Does the concept of loss orient risk prevention policy?- How the Fukushima Daiichi accident changed (or not) the nuclear safety fundamentals?- Low-dose radiation effects on human health.- Consequences of severe nuclear accidents on social regulations in socio-technical organizations.- Philosophical problems, old and new, posed by the possibility of major nuclear disasters.- Part II: Measurement of Damages.- A Multiscale Bayesian Data Integration Approach for Mapping Radionuclide Contamination.- Challenges for Nuclear Safety from Viewpoint of Natural Hazard Risk Management.- Evaluation of the expected costs of nuclear accident.- Considering nuclear accident in energy modeling analysis.- Measurements of risk perception and social acceptability.- Development of a knowledge management system for energy driven by public feedback.- Part III: Barriers against Transition into Resilience.- What cultural objects say about nuclear accidents and their way of depicting a controversial industry.- Why is it so difficult to learn from accidents?- Decision making in extreme situations following the Fukushima Dai Ichi accident.- Japan’s Nuclear Imaginaries before and after Fukushima: Visions of Science, Technology, and Society.- Institute for Resilient Community.- Part IV: Research questions for developing knowledge toward transition into resilience.- Approach to Reaching decisions on risk.- Democracy in nuclear system.- Effects of an Extreme Situation on engineers.- Epilogue.