Remediation and Management of Degraded River Basins: With Emphasis on Central and Eastern Europe

ISBN-13: 9783642633461 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 530 str.

Vladimir Novotny; Laszlo Somlyody

Opis

Leading experts present methodologies for basinwide approaches to water quality restoration. In 15 chapters the identification of pollution sources, definition of standards and their attainability, surface and groundwater modeling, remediation of contaminated soils and sediments, development and implementation of low cost treatment technologies, basinwide water quality management and remediation, and economic and institutional issues are covered. The book focuses on the situation in central and eastern European countries; however, the topics and solutions are of general interest and have worldwide applications.

Spis treści

Content.- 1 Water Quality Management: Western Experiences and Challenges for Central and Eastern European Countries.- 1. Introduction and Background.- 2. Pollution Control Imperatives.- 3. Standards For Pollution Control.- 4. Water Pollution Control In The U.S..- 5. Challenges To Cee Countries.- 6. Institutions.- 7. Closing Remarks.- References.- 2 Use of Water Quality Models.- 1. Why and When Water Quality Modeling Is Needed.- 2. The Waste Load Allocation Process.- 3. Water Quality Models and Their Application.- 4. Selection and Application Criteria For Water Flow And Quality Models.- 5. Modeling Scenarios In The Wla (Tmdl) Processes.- References.- 3 Models for Reservoirs, Lakes and Wetlands.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Eco-Technological Aspects Of Watershed Management.- 3. Mathematical Models For Reservoir Water Quality Management.- 4. Model Categorization According To Water Quality Problems and Management Options For Their Solution.- 5. Models For Pollution Sources.- 6. Models For Pollution Consequences For Lakes And Reservoirs.- 7. Watershed Management Alternatives.- 8. Models For In-Lake and In-Reservoir Management Alternatives.- 9. Models For Quality Management Of Reservoir Outflow Water.- 10. Models For Prediction Of The Effect Of An Impoundment On Water Quality Of Its Outflow.- 11. Wetland Management Models.- 12. Integrated (Real Time) Management Of A Lake, Reservoir Or Wetland.- 13. Research Needs For Ecotechnological Water Quality Models.- 14. Conclusions.- References.- 4 Modeling Toxic Contaminants in an Aquatic Environment.- 1. Use Of Toxic Substance Models.- 2. Important Processes For Contaminants In An Aquatic Ecosystem.- 3. Characteristic Features and Classification Of Ecotoxicological Models.- 4. An Overview Of Toxic Substance Models For Aquatic Overview.- 5. A Case Study: A Mercury Model For Mex Bay, Alexandria (Egypt).- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 5 Sediment Toxicity and Equilibrium Partitioning Development of Sediment Quality Criteria for Toxic Substances.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Toxicity and Bioavailability Of Nonionic Organic Chemicals In Sediments.- 3. Toxicity and Bioavailability Of Metals In Sediments.- References.- 6 Contaminated Sediments and Remediation-Geochemical Perspective.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Identification Of Sources and Temporal Developments.- 3. Sediment Quality Criteria.- 4. Remediation Procedures For Dredged Sediments.- References.- 7 Assessment and Impact of Large Scale Metal Polluted Sites.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Capacity and Intensity Controlling Parameters.- 3. Case Studies.- References.- 8 Groundwater Remediation and Modeling.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Groundwater Contamination.- 3. Groundwater Remediation.- 4. Groundwater Modeling.- 5. Modeling Case Studies.- References.- Appendix: Sources For Computer Programs.- 9 Wastewater Treatment Technology, Economy and Politics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Regulatory Issues.- 3. Less Expensive Technologies.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- Appendix 1.- 10 Wastewater Treatment Process Development in Central and Eastern Europe-Strategies for a Stepwise Development Involving Chemical And Biological Treatment.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Wastewater Management.- 3. Wastewater Treatment Methods For Eastern and Central Europe.- 4. Selection Of Local Wastewater Treatment Strategy.- 5. Economy.- 6. Step-Wise Development Of Wastewater Treatment Plants.- 7. Discussion.- 8. Conclusions.- 9. Summary.- References.- 11 Factors Affecting Water Quality of (Large) Rivers-Past Experiences and Future Outlook.- I: Present Views and State-of-the-Art.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Present View-The Situation Of The River Neckar and Its Relevance For Other River Systems.- 3. Future Outlook-Which Factors Are Still Relevant And Which Have Emerged As New?.- 4. Conclusions-What Developments Have Already Begun Today And What Is To Be Done Tomorrow.- References.- II: Future Outlook.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Increase Of Future Knowledge By Model Application Or Scientific Research.- References.- 12 River Basin Water Quality Management Strategies in the Central European Region: An Example of the Nitra River (Slovakia).- 1. Introduction.- 2. Emissions and Water Quality Situation In The Nitra River Basin.- 3. Modeling Effort.- 4. Municipal Waste Water Treatment Alternatives.- 5. Water Quality Control Policies.- 6. The Impact Of The Model Uncertainties On The Selection Of Control Strategies: Regret Analysis Approach.- 7. The Impact Of The Model Uncertainties On The Selection Of Control Strategies: A Posteriori Monte Carlo Simulation.- 8. Policy Recommendations.- 9. Conclusions.- References.- 13 The State of the Art in Economic Instruments and Institutions for Water Quality Management.- 1. Introduction.- 2. First Principles.- 3. Economic Instruments: Efficiency and Equity Properties.- 4. The Instruments.- 5. Economic Instruments Evaluated: Conceptual Issues And Practical Experience.- 6. Cross Cutting Themes In Incentive-Based Approaches To Water Quality Management.- 7. The Evolving Institutional Context.- 8. Conclusions and Research Implications.- References.- 14 Use of Economic Instruments to Enhance Cee Water Quality: Institutional Changes and Research Challenges.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Policy Pfsearch To Date.- 3. Application In The Oecd.- 4. Recent Developments.- 5. Cee Institutional Trends.- 6. Research Possibilities.- References.- 15 Summary and Conclusions.- 1. Summary Of Workshop Presentations.- 2. Conclusions and Recommendations.- List Of Participants and Speakers.

O autorze

VLADIMIR NOVOTNY, PhD, PE, is CDM Chair Professor at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts. He is also coauthor of Karl Imhoff's Handbook of Urban Drainage and Wastewater Disposal (with Klaus R. Imhoff, Meint Olthof, and Peter A. Krenkel), published by Wiley.