Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology - Einstein's Legacy: Proceedings of the Mpe/Usm/Mpa/Eso Joint Astronomy Conference Held in Munich, Germany, 7-

ISBN-13: 9783540747123 / Angielski / Twarda / 2007 / 506 str.

Vadim Burwitz; Gunther Hasinger; Bruno Leibundgut

Opis

"Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology" have developed into important and fruitful research areas with a hitherto unprecented public interest. The year 2005, which marked the 100th anniversary of the 'annus mirabilis', that year in which Albert Einstein published three of his most important scientific papers, was the perfect opportunity to review and to present the current scientific understanding of relativistic topics including cosmological models, cosmology related measurements, the large scale properties of the Universe, dark matter and dark energy, the theory of gravity, black holes, theory and measurements, active galactic nuclei, clusters of galaxies, jets. Each of these subjects is addressed and the book represents a useful reference tool both for the expert and the new-comer in these fields.

Spis treści

Cosmology.- Structure Formation in a Variable Dark Energy Model and Observational Constraints.- Effect of the Rotation of the Universe on the Energy Levels of Hydrogen Atoms.- Modified Chaplygin Gas and Accelerated Universe.- Spherically Symmetric, Static Spacetimes in a Tensor-Vector-Scalar Theory.- Type Ia Supernovae and Cosmology.- Path and Path Deviation Equations in Kaluza-Klein Type Theories: A Brief Introduction.- Studying Dark Energy with Galaxy Clusters.- Astrophysical Tests of Fundamental Physics.- Slow-roll Corrections to Inflation Fluctuations on a Brane.- Statistical Mechanics of the SDSS Galaxy Distribution.- The Second-Order Cosmological Perturbation and the Large Scale Structure Formation.- Supermassive Black Holes in Galaxies.- Lagrangian Description for the Cosmic Fluid.- Mach’s Principle and a Variable Speed of Light.- A Century of Cosmology.- Gravity.- The Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Cold Dark Matter Halos.- Gravitational Wave from Realistic Stellar Collapse : Odd Parity Perturbation.- Finding the Electromagnetic Counterparts of Standard Sirens.- Strong-Field Tests of Gravity with the Double Pulsar.- The Relativistic Time Delay of the Pulsar Radiation in the Non-Stationary Gravitational Field of the Globular Clusters.- Relativistic Bose-Einstein Condensation Model for Dark Matter and Dark Energy.- Equilibrium Configurations of Degenerate Fermionic Dark Matter and the Black Hole Mass Hierarchy.- Hardening in a Stellar Time-Evolving Background: Prospects for LISA.- Gravitational Waves for Odd Parity from a Collapsing Dust Ball.- Black Holes.- The Supermassive Black-Hole Mass Estimation in the Sy1.9 Galaxy SBS 0748+499.- Accretion of Stellar Winds in the Galactic Centre.- Winds Driven by Line Opacity near Neutron Stars and Black Holes.- Inspiral of Double Black Holes in Gaseous Nuclear Disks.- The Cosmogony of Super-Massive Black Holes.- The Flare Activity of Sagittarius A.- Mass Function of Remnant Black Holes in Nearby Galaxies.- Tidal Capture by a Black Hole and Flares in Galactic Centres.- Low-Rate Accretion onto Isolated Stellar-Mass Black Holes.- Clumps of material orbiting a black hole and the QPOs.- Multi-Scale Simulations of Merging Galaxies with Supermassive Black Holes.- The Parallel Lives of Supermassive Black Holes and~their Host Galaxies.- The Polarization Properties of Sgr A? at Submillimeter Wavelengths.- Highlights of XMM-Newton Observations of Black Holes.- Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes.- Active Galactic Nuclei.- AGN and XRB Variability: Propagating-Fluctuation Models.- The Source of Variable Optical Emission is Localized in the Jet of the Radio Galaxy 3C 390.3.- XMM-Newton RGS Spectra in Type 2 Seyfert Galaxies.- First Results from the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South (E-CDF-S) Survey.- The Optical and X-ray Properties of AGN in COSMOS.- Relativistic Iron Lines at High Redshifts.- An Explanation for the Soft X-Ray Excess in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Extended Inverse-Compton Emission from Distant, Powerful Radio Galaxies.- The Most Distant Radio Quasar as seen with the Highest Resolution.- Investigating Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 with X-Ray Spectral Complexity.- A Survey of Gaussian Flares in AGN.- A Simple Model for Quasar Density Evolution.- The Dispersion of the MIR – Hard X-ray Correlation in AGN.- Gamma-Ray Probe of the QSO’s Obscured Evolution.- Optical Observations of SBS1520+530 at TUG.- Less is More? Are Radiogalaxies below the Fanaroff-Riley Break More Polarised on Pc-Scales?.- Relativistic Effects on the Observed AGN Luminosity Distribution and Spectral Shape of Seyfert Galaxies.- Nuclear Activity in Galaxies driven by Binary Supermassive Black Holes.- Extragalactic Photon Background above GeV Energies: High Peaked BL Lacertae Objects or Dark Matter?.- Resolving the Dust Tori in AGN with the VLT Interferometer.- Iron K Lines of AGN in the X–Ray Background.- Black Hole Mass and Growth Rate and Metal Enrichment at Low and High Redshift.- Is the Light Bending Effect at Work in the Core of NGC 4051?.- Jet Activity in Supermassive Binary Black Holes.- Statistics of Local Hard X-Ray Selected AGN: Contribution of Obscured Accretion Onto Supermassive Black Holes.- 3D-Models of Clumpy Tori in Seyfert Galaxies.- Clusters of Galaxies.- Cosmological Tests with Galaxy Clusters.- Supermassive Black Holes in Elliptical Galaxies: Switching from Very Bright to Very Dim.- Metal Enrichment of the ICM due to Ram-Pressure Stripping of Cluster Galaxies.- Radio Bubbles in Clusters: Relativistic Particle Content.- The XMM-Newton Distant Cluster Project.- Tracing the Mass–Assembly History of Galaxies with Deep Surveys.- Outbursts from Supermassive Black Holes and their Impacts on the Hot Gas in Early-Type Galaxies, Groups and Clusters.- Tracing Gas Motions in the Centaurus Cluster.- Simulations of Galactic Winds and Starbursts in Galaxy Clusters.- The ARCRAIDER Project: A Unique Sample of X-Ray Bright, Massive Gravitational Lensing Galaxy Clusters.- APEX-SZ: A Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Galaxy Cluster Survey.- Detecting Virialization Shocks Around Galaxy Clusters Through the SZ Effect.- Numerical Simulations of Metal Enrichment and Mergers in Clusters of Galaxies.- Turbulence in Galaxy Clusters: Impact ontheAbundance Profiles.- Studying the Nature of Dark Energy with Galaxy Clusters.- Hydrodynamical Simulations of Cluster Formation withCentral AGN Heating.- Metal Enrichment Processes in the Intra-Cluster Medium.- Ultraviolet-Bright, High-Redshift ULIRGS.- Gamma Ray Bursts.- The Correlation between ?F? Peak Energy and radiated Energy in Gamma–Ray Bursts.- Particle Acceleration and Radiative Losses at Relativistic Shocks.- The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission: First Results.- The Afterglow of the Gamma-Ray Burst 050502a: First Case of an Early ( Instabilities in Relativistic Jets.- Forced Oscillations in Relativistic Accretion Disks and QPOs.- QPOs: Einstein’s Gravity Non-Linear Resonances.- Cosmic-Ray Acceleration and Viscosity.- Gamma-Ray Emission from Microquasars: Leptonic vs. Hadronic Models.- Magnetized Supernovae and Pulsar Recoils.- Jet Deceleration: the Case of PKS 1136-135.- Some Conclusions on The Magnetic Fields of Neutron Stars in Atoll and Z Sources.- Conference Summary.- Einstein’s Legacy: a Summary.