Reconfiguring National, Institutional and Human Strategies for the 21st Century

ISBN-13: 9783031051081 / Angielski / Miękka / 2023

Opis

This book addresses policies and strategies on internationalization across very different higher education systems globally, including inter alia from South America, Asia and Africa. The volume zooms in on the interplay between the national, institutional and “human” levels of internationalization. The latter is especially novel in that it pays particular attention to how internationalization shapes individuals – rather than only to the effects on student learning or research productivity. The work expounds on (a) the role of internationalization in fostering ethical forms of integration and preparing citizens to engage in dialogue across those differences, (b) the possible trade-offs between private benefits and negative social effects, and (c) the contribution of internationalization to a “global community of minds”. By discussing the human dimension, it becomes clear how internationalization can contribute to defining unique ways to confront today’s societal challenges. Moreover, as the world is facing unprecedented challenges in the wake of the coronavirus, a specific chapter examines how the pandemic has made diversity among different student groups more explicit and what implications this holds for the globalisation of higher education. A range of methodologies was adopted, including qualitative (case studies and interviews) and quantitative (e.g. surveys). The book draws on both strategic frameworks and research projects to provide new perspectives on how internationalization plays out, especially linking strategies with human impacts.

Spis treści

Contents

Introduction: Developments in Internationalisation  in the 21st Century  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The Role of Government Error! Bookmark not defined.

How innovation and technology shape internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Increasing ethical awareness  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Overall developments worth considering  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Research over student mobility  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalisation  at home  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalisation  as a core function to fulfil a university’s social responsibility  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The enthusiastic views of internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 1. Greek HEIs in the ERA: Internationalized research and national development - the role of the University  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction: legislative framework, structural organization and financial resources concerning research in Greece  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The European Research Area  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Basic aggregates for Greece  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Greece in the ERA: Research, Development and Innovation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Government policies regarding Research, Development and Innovation: HEIs  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The institutional level: HEIs and academics’ perceptions regarding research in Greece  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Research staff and PhD holders in Greece: Analysis, characteristics, priorities  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusion  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 2: Internationalisation at Home: Critical Analysis of Challenges, Tensions and Obstacles in Finnish Higher Education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Background/Context Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalisation at home concept Error! Bookmark not defined.

Findings and Recommendations of MoEC report Error! Bookmark not defined.

Research design  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Findings/Analysis  Error! Bookmark not defined.

National Policy: Regulatory Challenges, Tensions and Obstacles  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Interplay between national and institutional levels: lack of agency and incentives for internationalisation at home  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Institutional Level: Operationalisation Challenges, Tensions and Obstacles  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusion  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 3: The State and its Role in the Internationalization Process of Higher Education in Argentina and the Reaction to Covid-19  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract: Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization: Concepts and Characteristics  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The Argentinean University System. Basic Features  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization of Argentinean Higher Education in Numbers  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization Policies in Argentina. Key Process Players. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Secretariat of University Policies – Ministry of Education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

National Department of Institutional Cooperation and Integration – Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3. Department of Scientific and Technological Development – National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4. Study Buenos Aires – Buenos Aires City Government Program – General Secretariat of International Relations  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization in the Face of COVID-19: Challenges and Opportunities  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusions  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 4. Internationalization of Higher Education in India: Error! Bookmark not defined.

Deliberations on the Rationale, Strategies, Readiness and Impact  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization of Higher Education in India: Current scenario  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Regulatory provisions in India related to internationalization of higher education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization of higher education students to and from India  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Inbound students  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Outbound students  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization of faculties of higher education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization of programs and institutions of Higher Education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalization of research (in terms of collaboration) in higher education institutes  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Borderless education and the dissolving geographical boundaries  Error! Bookmark not defined.

COVID 19 and its impact on internationalization of Higher Education in India  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Impact of COVID 19 on higher education in India and its implications on internationalization of higher education in India  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Impact of COVID 19 on Indian stakeholders associated with higher education abroad before pandemic arrival in India  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Impact of COVID 19 on Indian stake-holders desirous to associate with higher education abroad  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Choices, reasons and perceptions of Indian students desirous to pursue higher education abroad  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Choices, rationale and perceptions of students desirous to study abroad  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Experiences, and challenges for inbound students and responses by higher education system in India  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusion  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 5: Regional Universities around the World: An Analysis of Single Campus, Multi-campus and Virtual Models  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Objectives and  Information Sources  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Differentiating Regional Universities from Other Types of International Higher Education Institutions  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Proposed Typology for Regional Universities  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Comparative Analysis of Regional Universities  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Founding Dates  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Language of Instruction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Rationales  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Governance and Funding  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Enrolments and Program Offerings  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Issues for Further Research and Reflection  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 6: Internationalisation of Finnish Higher Education as a Policy Driver in a Merger Process—Towards Competition, Collaboration, or Sustainability?  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Discourses and Aspects of Internationalisation in Higher Education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Higher Education Internationalisation Policies in Finland  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Higher Education Merger Policies in Finland  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Towards a More International Tampere University: Merger as a Tool for Internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

A More Competitive, Collaborative and Sustainable New University?  The Tampere University Action Plan for Internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusion  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Analysed material Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 7: University Internationalisation: the impact of the COVIC experience in a global-south university  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

A brief overview of Brazilian higher education policies and the position occupied by the policies for internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The University of São Paulo’s experience  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The birth of a new policy area inside University of São Paulo: internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Institutional building and internationalisation at USP: the pre-conditions for Internationalisation at a Distance  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The impact of the COVID experience  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The dark face of remote internationalisation: deepening inequalities  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Shifting behaviour patterns in internationalisation of research during the COVID 19 pandemic  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Final remarks  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 8: Institutional strategic treatment of internationalisation in Flanders  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Institute of Tropical Medicine  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Background  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

KU Leuven  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Background  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalisation policy  Error! Bookmark not defined.

An international student body  Error! Bookmark not defined.

International cooperation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Development cooperation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Alumni policy  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Inclusive education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusion and discussion  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Relevant websites  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 9: National Strategies of Internationalisation: The Case of Hungary  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hungarian higher education since 2010  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hungary’s standing in internationalisation, 2020  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The internationalisation policy of the Hungarian government Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalisation at the major Hungarian universities  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The human dimension of internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Sources of information  Error! Bookmark not defined.

International students in Hungary  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hungarian students abroad  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The pandemic and internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Education policy background  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Education during the pandemic  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Research on education during the pandemic  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusions for the educational policy  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Summary and conclusions  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Summary  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusions  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Annexes  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 10: Internationalization and social responsibility in Ethiopian Higher Education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abstract Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Methodology  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Ethiopia and its higher education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

IHE in Ethiopia  Error! Bookmark not defined.

USR in Ethiopia  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The relation between IHE and USR  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Factors potentially affecting implementation of internationalization and social responsibility in Ethiopia  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Lack of institutional policies and strategies  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Lack of emphasis on moral, ethics, values and principles  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Lack of funding and collaboration and partnership  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Lack of emphasis on community service  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Lack of data  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusion and implications  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 11: Internationalization in increasingly decolonising global south university sectors: a prospective view of opportunities and challenges  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The context of Higher Education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conceptual definitions  Error! Bookmark not defined.

The notion of North–South in the global context Error! Bookmark not defined.

Internationalisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Decolonisation as an emerging discourse in the global south  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Discussion of assumptions behind Internationalisation and Decolonisation  Error! Bookmark not defined.

References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 12: Ten Facts about Internationalising Higher Education Online: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly?  Error! Bookmark not defined.

1. Introduction  Error! Bookmark not defined.

2. Internationalisation Abroad or Internationalisation at Home?  Error! Bookmark not defined.

3. The Good: Benefits  Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1 It increases the accessibility of higher education at a global scale  Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2 It increases diversity in a course community  Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3 It increases revenue for higher education institutions  Error! Bookmark not defined.

4. The Bad: Problems  Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1 It may be accessible but not necessarily affordable  Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2 It may increase the diversity of students but not of curricula  Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3 It may increase the revenue by decreasing the quality of educational provision  Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4 It may make rich universities richer and poor universities poorer  Error! Bookmark not defined.

5. The Ugly: Dangers  Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1 Issues with negative learning experiences of online international students  Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2 Issues with stigmatisation and bias against online international students  Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.3 Issues with the Western colonisation of online higher education  Error! Bookmark not defined.

6. Conclusion  Error! Bookmark not defined.

7. References  Error! Bookmark not defined.

Conclusions: Reconfiguring internationalisation  in global higher education: converging the nations, the institutions and the humans  Error! Bookmark not defined.

 

O autorze

Leon Cremonini is a Senior Policy Officer at the Directorate for Strategy and Policy, University of Twente, the Netherlands. Between March 2018 and November 2019 Leon was the Managing Director of the Ethiopian Institute for Higher Education (EIHE) at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia (2018-2019), following a 12-year tenure as researcher at the Center for Higher Education Policy Studies (CHEPS), University of Twente. He worked in Europe the United States and Africa, focusing on higher education policy reform in several countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Main areas of expertise include excellence policies, internationalization, quality assessment, university and programme rankings, and equity and access to higher education, particularly for historically disadvantaged populations and refugees. Leon presented papers and published on these topics. He has been a researcher on several European Union-sponsored projects. He has worked as a consultant to the European Union’s delegation to Syria on higher education in emergencies project, and as a consultant for the development of the national strategy for higher education in Ethiopia.

Professor John Taylor has over 20 years of experience as a senior manager in higher education, working at the Universes of Leeds, Sheffield and Southampton before moving into an academic career. As Director of Planning at the University of Southampton, he was responsible for all aspects of strategic and operational planning; as well as management information and resource allocation. He studied national and international trends in higher education, key policy areas such as selectivity in research, broadening access, lifelong learning and diversification of funding. John was involved with all the main policy developments in UK higher education. John moved into an academic career at the University of Bath, then as Professor of Higher Education Management and Policy at the University of Southampton, and as Professor of Higher Education Management and Special Adviser to the Vice-Chancellor, University of Liverpool. He is currently a visiting professor at Lancaster University’s Department of Educational Research. Over the years, John has worked in Australia, South Africa, Croatia, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Romania, Serbia, Hungary, Russia, Germany, Portugal, Finland, China, Cyprus, Pakistan, Jamaica, Canada, Uruguay and the United States. He also conducted professional development trainings for the European Association for International Education (EAIE). John as conducted comparative studies on strategy and planning; resource allocation (including inter alia marketization and value for money); governance and organizational structures; internationalization and globalization; quality management in higher education; and access and widening participation.

K.M. Joshi is Professor of Economics of Higher Education in the Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, India. K.M. Joshi has been a visiting Professor/researcher at University of Toronto, Central European University, University of Philippines, Mykolas Romeris University, University of Lyon 2, Nagoya University and University of Paris 8. He is recipient of eight distinguished international fellowships including the Ford Foundation’s ‘Asia Fellows’ award and the French ‘Hermes’ fellowship. Dr. Joshi holds Ph.D. in Economics from Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Postgraduate Diploma from ISS, The Hague, Netherlands and postdoctoral from UMR Education and Politiques, Institut National de Recherche Pedagogique, Lyon. He has delivered about 29 keynote addresses in international and national seminars/workshops. His areas of research and specialization are Economics of Higher Education, Higher Education Reforms, Private Higher Education and International Economics. Dr. K.M. Joshi has 9 edited books and more than 47 articles to his credit.