Radiation Gas Dynamics

ISBN-13: 9783709157336 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 230 str.

Shih-I Pai

Opis

When the temperature of a gas is not too high and the density of a gas is not too low, the transfer of heat by radiation is usually negligibly small in comparison with that by conduction and convection. However, in the hypersonic flow of space flight, particularly in the re-entry of a space vehicle, and in the flow problem involving nuclear reaction such as in the blast wave of nuclear bomb or in the peaceful use of the controlled fusion reaction, the temperature of the gas may be very high and the density of the gas may be very low. As a result, thermal radiation becomes a very important mode of heat transfer. A complete analysis of such high temperature flow fields should be based upon a study of the gasdynamic field and the radiation field simultaneously. Hence during the last few years, considerable efforts have been made to study such interaction problems between gasdynamic field and radiation field and a new title, Radiation Gasdynamics, has been suggested for this subject. Even though radiative transfer has been studied for a long time by astro- physicists, the interaction between the radiation field and the gadsynamic field has been only extensively studied recently.

Spis treści

I. Introduction.- 1. Radiation gasdynamics.- 2. Thermal radiation effects.- 3. Some thermal radiation phenomena.- References.- II. Fundamentals of Radiative Transfer.- 1. Specific intensity.- 2. The flux of radiation.- 3. Energy density of radiation.- 4. The stress tensor of radiation.- References.- III. Equation of Transfer of Radiation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Absorption coefficient.- 3. Emission coefficient.- 4. The equation of radiative transfer.- 5. A solution of the equation of radiative transfer.- References.- IV. Radiative Equilibrium.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Kirchhoff’s law of radiation.- 3. Wien’s displacement law.- 4. Planck’s radiation law.- 5. Stefan-Boltzmann’s law of radiation.- 6. Adiabatic changes in an inclosure containing matter and radiation.- 7. Local thermodynamic equilibrium.- References.- V. Fundamental Equations of Radiation Gasdynamics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Equation of state.- 3. Equation of continuity.- 4. Equations of motion.- 5. Equations of energy.- 6. Equation of radiative transfer.- 7. General remarks on the fundamental equations.- 8. Case of small mean free path of radiation.- 9. Case of finite mean free path of radiation.- 10. One dimensional radiative transfer.- 11. The exponential integrals.- References.- VI. Boundary Conditions of Radiation Gasdynamics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Boundary conditions of gasdynamic field.- 3. Boundary conditions of radiation field.- 4. Smooth surface.- 5. Rough surface.- 6. Radiative transfer between two opaque parallel plates.- 7. Emissivity of a constant temperature gas layer.- 8. Radiation slip at finite mean free path of radiation.- References.- VII. Similarity Parameters of Radiation Gasdynamics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Dimensional analysis and ?-theorem.- 3. Non-dimensional equations of radiation gasdynamics.- 4. Important parameters of radiation gasdynamics.- 5. Some further remarks for the non-dimensional parameters.- References.- VIII. Waves and Shock Waves in Radiation Gasdynamics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Wave of small amplitude in an optically thick medium.- 3. Wave of small amplitude in an radiating gas of finite mean free path of radiation.- 4. Shock waves in an optically thick medium.- 5. Shock wave structure in an optically thick medium.- 6. Shock wave in a medium of finite mean free path of radiation.- 7. Flow field behind shock waves..- References.- IX. Heat Transfer in Radiation Gasdynamics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Radiative heat transfer in a non-absorbing medium.- 3. Radiative heat transfer in an absorbing medium.- 4. Heat transfer by simultaneous heat conduction and radiation in an absorbing medium.- 5. Radiative processes in the atmosphere.- 6. Flow between two parallel plates in radiation magnetogasdynamics.- 7. Boundary layer flow in radiation gasdynamics.- 8. Stagnation point heat transfer in radiation gasdynamics.- 9. Miscellaneous problems of heat transfer in radiation gasdynamics.- References.- X. Kinetic Theory of Radiating Oases.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Molecular velocity and molecular distribution functions.- 3. Relativistic mechanics.- 4. Boltzmann aquation for material particles.- 5. Boltzmann equation for photons.- 6. Conservation equations.- 7. Radiation stresses and radiation energy density.- 8. Local thermodynamic equilibrium.- 9. Rarefied radiation gasdynamics.- 10. Free molecule flow.- References.- XI. Radiative Properties of High Temperature Gases.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Classical theory of absorption and emission of radiation.- 3. The quantum theory of radiation.- 4. Spectroscopy of high temperature gas.- 5. The absorption coefficient of high temperature gases.- 6. Scattering coefficient of radiation.- 7. Planck and Rosseland mean absorption coefficients of air and hydrogen.- 8. Some experimental investigations of opacity of gases.- 9. Non-equilibrium radiation.- References.- A List of Important Symbols.- Author Index.