Rad Tech's Guide to MRI: Basic Physics, Instrumentation, and Quality Control

ISBN-13: 9781119508571 / Angielski / Miękka / 2020 / 144 str.

Ph Jr. (University of Pennsylvania Heal Systems William H.

Opis

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Spis treści

1. Hardware Overview 1Instrumentation: Magnets 1Instrumentation: RF Subsystem 6Instrumentation: Gradient Subsystem 82. Fundamental Principles 11Electromagnetism: Faraday's Law of Induction 11Magnetism 12Behavior of Hydrogen in a Magnetic Field 143. Production of Magnetic Resonance Signal 194. Relaxation and Tissue Characteristics 23T2-Relaxation 23T1-Relaxation 24Proton Density 24T2* (Pronounced "T2 star") 255. Data Acquisition and Image Formation 27Pulse Sequences 27Image Contrast Control 30Image Formation 42Data Acquisition 43Scan Time 50Controlling Image Quality with FSE 576. Magnetic Resonance Image Quality 61Spatial Resolution 61Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) 637. Artifacts 75Chemical Shift (Water and Fat in Different Voxels) 75Chemical Shift (Water and Fat in the Same Voxel) 77Magnetic Susceptibility 79Motion and Flow 81Spatial Presaturation 82Gradient Moment Nulling (Flow Compensation) 84Compensation for Respiration 84Cardiac Compensation 86Aperiodic Motion 88Aliasing 89Gibbs and Truncation Artifact 91Radio-Frequency Artifacts 92Gradient Malfunctions 93Image Shading 93Inadequate System Tuning 94Reconstruction Artifacts 948. Flow Imaging 97Flow Patterns 97Magnetic Resonance Angiography (Non Contrast) 98Reduction of Flow Artifacts 102Signal Loss in MRA 102Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Time-of-Flight 103Signal Loss with Two-Dimensional TOF 104Three-Dimensional TOF 106Signal Loss with Three-Dimensional TOF 108PC Techniques 109Contrast Enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) 1139. Diffusion and Perfusion Imaging 117Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) 11710. Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents 125Characteristics, Composition and Structure 125Index 129

O autorze

William H. Faulkner, Jr. is a radiologic technologist and MRI education and operations consultant with William Faulkner and Associates. He is a founding board member of the American Board of Magnetic Resonance Safety (ABMRS) and author and co-author of several books on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography including the Handbook of MRI Technique and Review Questions for MRI.