Qos Routing Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

ISBN-13: 9789811527227 / Angielski / Miękka / 2021 / 165 str.

K. R. Venugopal; Shiv Prakash T; M. Kumaraswamy

Spis treści

1 An Introduction to QoS in Wireless Sensor Networks 

1.0.1 Wireless Sensor Network Architecture 

1.0.2 Network Layer Issues and Challenges 

1.0.3 Limitations of Wireless Sensor Networks 

1.0.4 Challenges of Wireless Sensor Networks

1.0.5 Medium Access Control Layer Issues and Challenges 

1.0.6 Issues of Medium Access Control MAC Layer 

1.0.7 MAC Scheme Design Challenges 

1.1 MAC Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks 

1.1.1 Contention-freeMAC Protocols 

1.1.2 Contention MAC Protocols 

1.1.3 Hybrid MAC Protocols 

1.2 Motivation 

1.2.1 Network Layer

1.2.2 Medium Access Control Layer 

1.2.3 Design and Evaluation Metrics in the Network Layer 

1.2.4 Design and Evaluation Metrics in the Medium Access Layer

1.3 Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks 

1.4 Quality of Service in Wireless Sensor Networks 

1.4.1 Introduction 

1.4.2 Quality of Service Architecture 

1.4.3 Network and MAC Layer QoS Challenges 

1.4.4 Network and MAC Layer QoS Requirements 

1.5 Software Tools 

1.6 Organization of the Book 

References 

2 LRTHR: Link-Reliability Based Two-Hop Routing forWSNs 

2.1 Introduction 

2.2 Related Works 

2.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

2.4 Algorithm 

2.4.1 Link Reliability Estimation 

2.4.2 Link Delay Estimation 

2.4.3 Node Forwarding Metric 

2.4.4 LRTHR: An Example 

2.5 Performance Evaluation 

2.6 Summary 

References 

3 FTQAC: Fault Tolerant QoS Adaptive Clustering forWSNs 

3.1 Introduction 

3.2 Related Works 

3.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

3.4 Cluster Setup and Primary Cluster Head Selection 

3.5 Secondary Cluster Head Selection

3.6 QoS Route Establishment 

3.7 Simulation Setup 

3.8 Summary 

References 

4 RTTDR: Real-Time Traffic-Differentiated Routing forWSNs 

4.1 Introduction 

4.2 Related Works 

4.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

4.4 Algorithm 

4.4.1 Link Reliability Estimation 

4.4.2 Queueing and Transmission Delay Estimation 

4.4.3 Node Forwarding Metric 

4.4.4 Queuing Controller 

4.5 Implementation and Performance Evaluation

4.6 Summary 

References 

5 RARR: Reliable Adaptive Replication Routing Scheme forWSNs

5.1 Introduction 

5.2 Related Works 

5.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

5.4 Algorithm 

5.4.1 Link Capacity Estimator 

5.4.2 Packet Disseminator 

5.4.3 Packet Replicator 

5.5 Simulation and Performance Evaluation 

5.6 Summary 

References 

6 ETXTD: ETX and RTT Delay based Fault Detection Algorithm for

WSNs 

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Related Works 

6.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

6.4 Algorithm 

6.4.1 Estimation of Expected Transmission Count (ETX) Metric

6.4.2 Estimation of Round Trip Time (RTT) and Round Trip

Path (RTP) 

6.4.3 Detection of Faulty Sensor Node 

6.4.4 Performance Evaluation 

6.5 Summary 

References 

7 DQTSM: Distributed Qos in Time Synchronized MAC Protocol for

WSNs 

7.1 Introduction 

7.2 Related Works 

7.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

7.4 Mathematical Model 

7.4.1 Energy Consumption 

7.4.2 DQTSM Algorithm

7.5 Performance Evaluation 

7.6 Summary 

References

8 ERRAP: Efficient Retransmission Qos-Aware MAC Scheme for WSNs 

8.1 Introduction 

8.2 Related Works 

8.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

8.4 Mathematical Model 

8.4.1 One-Hop Retransmissions 

8.4.2 Two-QoS Groups 

8.4.3 ERRAP Algorithm 

8.5 Performance Evaluation 

8.5.1 Simulation Setup 

8.5.2 One-Hop QoS Group 

8.5.3 Two QoS Groups 

8.5.4 Minimizing Energy Consumption 

8.6 Summary

References 

9 CBH-MAC: Contention Based Hybrid MAC Protocol forWSNs 

9.1 Introduction 

9.2 Related Works 

9.3 System Model and Problem Definition

9.4 Mathematical Model 

9.5 Performance Evaluation 

9.5.1 Simulation Setup 

9.5.2 Multi-hop Chain Topology 

9.5.3 Multi-hop Cross Topology

9.5.4 End-to-End Latency 

9.5.5 Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) Performance 

9.5.6 Energy Consumption 

9.6 Summary 

References 

10 DMS-MAC: Qos Distributed Multi-Channel Scheduling MAC

Protocol forWSNs 

10.1 Introduction 

10.2 Related Works 

10.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

10.4 Mathematical Model 

10.4.1 DMS-MAC Algorithm

10.5 Performance Evaluation 

10.5.1 Simulation Setup 

10.6 Summary 

References 

11 QMSR: Qos Multihop Sensor Routing Cross Layer Design forWSns 

11.1 Introduction 

11.2 Related Works 

11.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

11.4 QMSR Algorithm 

11.5 Performance Evaluation 

11.6 Summary 

References 

12 EPC: Efficient Gateway Selection for Passive Clustering in MWSNs 

12.1 Introduction 

12.2 Related Works

12.3 Network Model 

12.3.1 Definitions 

12.3.2 Mobile Wireless Sensor Network as a Graph 

12.4 Problem Definition

12.4.1 Topological Problems associated with Passive Clustering

12.5 Algorithm EPC (Efficient Passive Clustering) 

12.5.1 Intelligent Gateway Selection Heuristic 

12.5.2 Timeout Mechanism

12.6 Performance Analysis 

12.7 Summary 

References 

13 REAR: Topology Controlled Energy Management in WSNs 

13.1 Introduction 

13.2 Related Works 

13.3 Network Model 

13.3.1 Architecture 

13.3.2 Wireless Sensor Model 

13.4 Problem Definition 

13.4.1 Basic Energy Routing (BER) in Wireless Sensor Networks 

13.5 ILP and MILP Models for Maximizing the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks 

13.5.1 Algorithm: Residual Energy Adaptive Routing(REAR) 

13.5.2 An Example 

13.6 Performance Evaluations 

13.7 Summary 

References 

14 GwIP: Life Time Maximization ofWSNs 

14.1 Introduction 

14.2 Related Works 

14.3 Wireless Sensor Model 

14.4 Problem Definition 

14.5 Existing Algorithms 

14.5.1 Broadcast Incremental Power (BIP) 

14.5.2 Weighted Broadcast Incremental Protocol (WBIP) 

14.6 Proposed Algorithms 

14.6.1 Total Energy Weighted Incremental Model (Recharge Model)

14.6.2 Global Weighted Incremental Power (GWIP) 

14.6.3 Global Weight Incremental Post Sweep (GWIPS) 

14.7 Performance Evaluations

14.8 Summary 

References 

15 MSNL: Energy Efficient Broadcasting in WSNs 

15.1 Introduction 

15.2 Related Works 

15.3 Wireless Sensor Model 

15.4 Problem definition 

15.5 Static Network Lifetime

15.5.1 Maximizing Static Network Lifetime

15.6 Performance Evaluations 

15.7 Summary 

References 

16 AANTCHAIN: Adaptive ANTChain for Increasing Lifespan in WSNs

16.1 Introduction 

16.2 Related Works 

16.3 System Model and Problem Definition 

16.4 Algorithm: Adaptive AntChain 

16.5 Performance Analysis 

16.6 Summary 

References 

17 SAAQ: Secure Aggregation for Approximate Queries in WSNs 

17.1 Introduction 

17.2 Related Works 

17.2.1 Routing and Data Aggregation 

17.2.2 Secure Data Aggregation 

17.2.3 Introduction to Synopsis Diffusion Framework 

17.2.4 Secured Data Aggregation 

17.3 Problem Definition and Models 

17.3.1 Network Model 

17.3.2 Attack Model 

17.3.3 Security Model 

17.4 The SAAQ Algorithm 

17.4.1 Query Dissemination 

17.4.2 Synopsis Generation and Aggregation 

17.5 Results and Analysis 

17.5.1 Energy Consumption per Data Collection Round 

17.5.2 Impact of Inflation Attack on Final Aggregate Computed 

17.5.3 Impact of Deflation Attack 

17.5.4 Impact of Compromised Nodes on Number of Bytes Sent per Node 

17.6 Summary 

References 

18 SDAMQ: Secure Data Aggregation for Multiple Queries in WSNs 

18.1 Introduction 

18.2 Related Works 

18.2.1 Data Aggregation for Multiple Coexisting Queries 

18.2.2 Concealed Data Aggregation

18.3 Preliminaries 

18.3.1 SafeQ 

18.3.2 CDAMA: Concealed Data Aggregation Scheme for Multiple Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks 

18.4 Problem Definition and Models 

18.4.1 Network Model 

18.4.2 Query Model 

18.4.3 Attack Model 

18.5 The SDAMQ Algorithm 

18.5.1 Query Dissemination 

18.5.2 Data Generation and Aggregation 

18.5.3 Decryption 

18.6 Results and Analysis 

18.6.1 Impact of Network Size on Overall Energy Consumption 

18.6.2 Impact of Attack on Packet Delivery Ratio 

18.7 Summary 

References 

19 DAMS: Data Aggregation using Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Networks 

19.1 Introduction 

19.2 Related Works 

19.2.1 Logical Coordinate Space Construction 

19.2.2 Destination Identification 

19.2.3 Greedy Forwarding 

19.3 Problem Definition and Models 

19.3.1 Network Model 

19.3.2 Communication Model 

19.3.3 Sink Mobility Model 

19.4 The Data Aggregation using Mobile Sink (DAMS) Algorithm 

19.4.1 Query Dissemination from the Mobile Sink 

19.4.2 Query Propagation and Route Establishment 

19.4.3 Data Aggregation and Forwarding

19.5 Results and Analysis

19.5.1 Impact of Network Size on Average Energy Consumption 

19.5.2 Impact of Network Size on Average Packet Delivery Ratio

19.5.3 Impact of Network Size on Average Path Length 

19.5.4 Impact of Network Size on Delay 

19.6 Summary 

References 

O autorze

Dr. K. R. Venugopal is the Vice Chancellor of Bangalore University. He holds eleven degrees, including a Ph.D. in Computer Science Engineering from IIT-Madras, Chennai and a Ph.D. in Economics from Bangalore University, as well as degrees in Law, Mass Communication, Electronics, Economics, Business Finance, Computer Science, Public Relations, and Industrial Relations. 

Dr. Venugopal has authored and edited 68 books and published more than 800 papers in refereed international journals and conferences. Dr. Venugopal was a Postdoctoral Research Scholar at the University of Southern California, USA. He has been conferred IEEE fellow and ACM Distinguished Educator for his contributions to Computer Science Engineering and Electrical Engineering education.

Dr. Shiv Prakash T. is currently Director of the Vijaya Vittala Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India. He holds a Ph.D., M.S and B.E in Computer Science and Engineering from Bangalore University. He has over ten years of IT experience in the field of Embedded Systems and Digital Multimedia. He is currently authoring the book Mastering Java to be published in 2021. His research areas include Wireless Sensor Networks, Computer Vision, Embedded Linux, and Digital Multimedia.

Dr. M. Kumaraswamy is currently a Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at SJPT, Bangalore. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from JNTU Hyderabad, B.E. degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from the University of Mysore, Mysore, and M.Tech in System Analysis and Computer Applications from NITK Surathkal. His research interests include Wireless Sensor Networks and Adhoc Networks.

Blurb

This book provides a systematic introduction to the fundamental concepts, major challenges, and effective solutions for Quality of Service in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Unlike other books on the topic, it focuses on the networking aspects of WSNs, discussing the most important networking issues, including network architecture design, medium access control, routing and data dissemination, node clustering, node localization, query processing, data aggregation, transport and quality of service, time synchronization, and network security.

Featuring contributions from researchers, this book strikes a balance between fundamental concepts and new technologies, providing readers with unprecedented insights into WSNs from a networking perspective. It is essential reading for a broad audience, including academics, research engineers, and practitioners, particularly postgraduate/postdoctoral researchers and engineers in industry. It is also suitable as a textbook or supplementary reading for graduate computer engineering and computer science courses.