Process Analysis and Simulation in Chemical Engineering

ISBN-13: 9783319148113 / Angielski / Twarda / 2015 / 523 str.

Ivan Dario Gil Chaves; Javier Ricardo Guevara Lopez; Jose Luis Garcia-Zapata

Opis

This book offers a comprehensive coverage of process simulation and flowsheeting, useful for undergraduate students of Chemical Engineering and Process Engineering as theoretical and practical support in Process Design, Process Simulation, Process Engineering, Plant Design, and Process Control courses. The main concepts related to process simulation and application tools are presented and discussed in the framework of typical problems found in engineering design. The topics presented in the chapters are organized in an inductive way, starting from the more simplistic simulations up to some complex problems.

Spis treści

Preface Chapter 1 Process Simulation in Chemical Engineering 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Chemical process simulators 1.3. Types of process simulators 1.3.1. Simultaneous or Equation oriented simulators 1.3.2. Hybrid simulators 1.3.3. Aspen Plus® and Aspen Hysys® 1.4. Applications of process simulation 1.4.1. Computer-aided design 1.4.2. Process optimization 1.4.3. Solution of operating problems 1.4.4. Other applications 1.5. Convergence Analysis 1.5.1. Convergence Methods (Babu, 2004 ; Dimian, 2003 ; Seider, Seader & Lewin, 2004) 1.5.2. Problems with simple recycles 1.5.3. Partitioning and topological analysis 1.5.4. Nested recycles 1.6. Introductory example 1.6.1. Problem description 1.6.2. Simulation using Aspen HYSYS® 1.6.3. Simulation using Aspen Plus® 1.7. Sensitivity Analysis 1.7.1. Sensitivity Analysis in Aspen Plus® 1.7.2. Sensitivity Analysis in Aspen HYSYS® 1.8. Design specifications 1.9. Summary 1.10. Problems Chapter 2 Thermodynamic and property models 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Ideal model 2.3. Equations of State 2.4. Activity coefficient models 2.5. Special Models 2.5.1. Polymeric systems 2.5.2. Electrolytic System 2.6. Integration of the activity models with equations of the state 2.7. Selection of thermodynamic model 2.8. Example of property model selection 2.9. Example of phase diagram 2.10. Example of parameter adjustment 2.11. Hypothetical components 2.11.1. Usage in Aspen HYSYS® 2.11.2. Usage in Aspen Plus® 2.12. Summary 2.13. Problems Chapter 3 Fluid Handling Equipment 3.1 Introduction 3.2 General Aspects 3.2.1 Background 3.2.2 Piping 3.2.3 Pumps 3.2.4 Compressors and Expanders 3.3 Modules available in Aspen Plus® 3.4 Modules available in Aspen HYSYS® 3.5 Gas Handling Introductory Example 3.5.1 Problem Description 3.5.2 Simulation in Aspen HYSYS® 3.5.3 Results Analysis 3.6 Liquid Handling Introductory Example 3.6.1 Problem Description 3.6.2 Process Simulation 3.6.3 Results Analysis 3.7 Summary 3.8 Problems Chapter 4 Heat Exchange Equipment and Heat Integration 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Types of Programs Available 4.3 General Aspects 4.3.1 Shortcut Calculation (Holman, 1999) 4.3.2 Rigorous Calculation (Holman, 1999) 4.3.3 Calculation models 4.4 Modules available in Aspen Plus® 4.5 Modules available in Aspen HYSYS® 4.5.1 Thermodynamic Heat Exchangers 4.6 Introductory Example 4.6.1 Problem Description 4.6.2 Simulation in Aspen Plus® 4.6.3 Simulation in Aspen HYSYS® 4.6.4 Simulation in Aspen HTFS® 4.6.5 Results Analysis 4.7 Process Heat Integration 4.7.1 Introduction 4.7.2 Theoretical principles 4.7.3 Aspen Energy Analyzer 4.8 Summary 4.9 Problems Chapter 5 Chemical reactors 5.1 Introduction 5.2 General Aspects 5.3. Equations for Reactor Design 5.4. Modules Available in Aspen Plus® 5.5. Available modules in ASPEN HYSYS® 5.6. Introductory example of Reactors 5.6.1. Problem Description 5.6.2. Simulation in Aspen Hysys® 5.6.3. Results Analysis 5.7. Propylene Glycol Reactor Example 5.7.1. General Aspects 5.7.2. Process Simulation in Aspen Plus® 5.7.3. Results Analysis 5.8. Methanol Reforming Reactor 5.8.1. Problem Description 5.8.2. Simulation in Aspen Plus® 5.8.3. Simulation in Aspen Hysys® 5.8.4. Analysis And Results Comparison 5.9. Summary 5.10. Problems Chapter 6 Gas-Liquid Separation Operations 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Available modules in Aspen Plus® 6.2.1 Shortcut Methods 6.2.2 Rigorous Methods 6.3 Modules available in Aspen Hysys® 6.3.1 Predefined Columns 6.3.2 Shortcut Calculation Model 6.3.3 Column Interface 6.4 Distillation Introductory Example 6.4.1 Problem Description 6.4.2 Simulation In Aspen Plus® 6.4.3 Simulation in Aspen Hysys® 6.4.4 Results Analysis and Comparison 6.5 Absorption Introductory Example 6.5.1 Problem Description 6.5.2 Process Simulation 6.6 Enhanced Distillation 6.6.1 Residue Curves Map (RCM) 6.6.2 Extractive Distillation 6.7 Non-Equilibrium Models 6.7.1 Non-Equilibrium Model Example 6.8 Columns Thermal And Hydraulic Analysis 6.8.1 Application Exercise 6.9 Summary 6.10 Problems Chapter 7 Process Optimization in Chemical Engineering 7.1. Introduction 7.2 Formulation of optimization problem 7.2.1. Degrees of Freedom 7.2.2. Objective Function 7.2.3. Classification of optimization problems 7.3. Optimization in Sequential Simulators 7.4. Introductory Example 7.4.1. Aspen Plus® Simulation 7.4.2. Sensitivity Analysis 7.4.3. Results 7.5. Summary 7.6. Problems Chapter 8 Dynamic Process Analysis 8.1. Introduction 8.2. General Aspects 8.2.1. Process control 8.2.2. Controllers 8.3. Introductory example 8.4. Gasoline blending 8.5. Pressure Relief Valves 8.5.1. General Aspects 8.5.2. Application example 8.6. Control of the propylene glycol reactor 8.7. Control of distillation columns 8.7.1. General aspects 8.7.2. Distillation column example 8.8. Summary 8.9. Problems Chapter 9 Solids Operations in Process Simulators 9.1 Introduction 9.2 General Aspects 9.2.1 Separation or classification 9.2.2 Comminution 9.2.3 Filtration 9.2.4 Crystallization 9.2.5 Particle Size Distribution Meshes (PSD) 9.3 Modules in Aspen Plus® 9.4 Modules in Aspen HYSYS® 9.5 Crusher Introductory Example 9.5.1 General Aspects 9.5.2 Simulation in Aspen Plus® 9.5.3 Results Analysis 9.6 Solids handling example 9.6.1 General Aspects 9.6.2 Simulation in Aspen Plus® 9.6.3 Results Analysis 9.7 Summary Chapter 10 Case Studies 10.1. Introduction 10.2. Simulation of Nylon 6,6 Resin Reactor 10.2.1. Problem Description 10.2.2. Polymerization reaction kinetics 10.2.3. Continuous Production 10.2.4. Batch Production 10.2.5. Results Comparison

O autorze

Iván Darío Gil Chaves

Dr. Gil is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering at National University of Colombia – Sede Bogotá. He received B.S. and MSc degrees from National University of Colombia. He obtained his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering at University of Lorraine (France) and National University of Colombia (under joint supervision). Gil has participated in some industrial projects in the area of process design and control; mainly he has collaborated with representatives of Aspen Technology in Colombia in advanced process control applications. He was also instructor at Andes University in Colombia. Currently, he teaches university courses in modeling and simulation, process control, reaction engineering and process design. In addition, he presents some short courses in advanced process control and process synthesis and optimization. Dr. Gil is co-author of several publications in peer review journals on process design and control. His research interests include biofuels, with emphasis on fuel ethanol and the use of extractive distillation to dehydrate mixtures ethanol-water; modeling, simulation and control of reaction and separation operations; nonlinear geometric control and vapor liquid equilibrium.

 

Javier Ricardo Guevara López

Javier Guevara holds a B.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from National University of Colombia. He is a process engineer with experience developing Conce

ptual, Basic and Detailed engineering for oil & gas industry. Guevara works as process engineer in Y&V - Bohorquez Ingeniería SAS in Colombia. His interests include process design, process simulation, gas processing, relief systems, and upgrading of gas plants.

 

José Luis García Zapata

Garcia Zapata is a Researcher with the Heavy Oil and Oilsands group at Alberta Innovates Technology Futures (AITF) in Edmonton, Canada. He holds B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Chemical Engineering from the National University of Colombia (2010) and the University of Alberta (2013), respectively. García has worked as a Process Engineer for BRINSA S.A., a salt and chlor-alkali Company in Colombia, and has been responsible for the design and commissioning of pilot scale reactors for heavy oil upgrading at the University of Alberta. His interests include process design, pilot plant, produced water treatment, and upgrading of heavy oil. He is registered as an Engineer-in-Training in Alberta.

 

Alexander Leguizamón Robayo

Alexander Leguizamón is a graduate student at Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). He holds a B.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from National University of Colombia and is currently carrying out his master in Chemical Engineering at NTNU. Alexander has worked in distillation process design and simulation. He carried out a design project of a formaldehyde plant with Dynea in Lillestrøm, Norway. He is currently

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with the process systems engineering group at NTNU and working on a plantwide process control project for sweetening of syngas for the Swedish chemical company Perstorp.

 

Gerardo Rodríguez Niño

Dr. Rodríguez is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering at National University of Colombia – Sede Bogotá since 1988. He teaches Mass Transfer Operations, Material Balances, Chemical Engineering Laboratory courses in the area of Unit Operations. He obtained B.S., MSc and Ph.D. degrees in Chemical Engineering from National University of Colombia. He was the chief of the chemical engineering laboratories during 5 years, and in charge of coordinating the laboratory essays for the industrial applications. He has participated in different projects for enterprises such as Preflex, Vaselinas de Colombia S.A, Coljap, Cyquim de Colombia, Carboquímica S.A, Epsa and Alcalis de Colombia. In the last years he has developed research projects in Ethanol dehydration by extractive distillation with ethylene-glycol and glycerine for the production of fuel alcohol, and in the study of the usages of fusel oil generated in Ethanol production. His research interests include distillation design, esterification, catalysis and essential oils production.