Problems and Pitfalls in Medical Literature: A Practical Guide for Clinicians

ISBN-13: 9783031402944 / Angielski

Adam L. Cohen

Spis treści

Introduction. 2

Section 1  Biases. 

Chapter 1 Lead Time Bias. 

Chapter 2 Length Time Bias. 

Chapter 3 Immortal time Bias. 

Chapter 4 Selection Bias. 

Chapter 5 Ascertainment Bias. 

Chapter 6 Publication Bias. 

Chapter 7 Berkson’s Bias. 

Section 2  Time effects. 

Chapter 8 Hawthorne Effect. 

Chapter 9 Will Rogers Phenomenon. 

Section 3 Confounding. 

Chapter 10 Confounding by Severity. 

Chapter 11 Simpson’s Paradox. 

Section 4 Misuse of Tests. 

Chapter 12 Multiple Comparisons. 

Chapter 13 Validation. 

Chapter 14 Proportional Hazard Violation. 

Chapter 15 Changing endpoints. 

Section 5 Power. 

Chapter 16 Underpowering. 

Chapter 17 Overpowering. 

Conclusion. 

               

O autorze

Adam L. Cohen, MD, MS

Inova Schar Cancer Institute

8081 Innovation Way

Fairfax, VA 22031

Adam.cohen@inova.org

W: 571-472-1050

C: 602-334-3661

Adam Cohen is the director of neuro-oncology at Inova Schar Cancer institute and an associate professor of medical education at University of Virginia Pinn Campus. He has degrees from Harvard and University of Chicago in mathematics and a medical degree from Harvard Medical School. He is a board certified physician in internal medicine, medical oncology, and neuro-oncology.  He was the director for the Evidence Based Medicine Curriculum for the Huntsman Cancer Institute medical oncology fellowship, where he spent 10 years teaching trainees on reviewing medical literature and was awarded the best teacher award in 2019.

Blurb

This book aims to teach the skills for assessing the quality of a medical article.  It focuses on problems and pitfalls that may interfere with the validity of an article so that readers know what problems to look for and how to tell if an article has successfully addressed them.  It focuses on concepts rather than formulas.  In each chapter, one article will be analyzed to illustrate a particular concept, demonstrating when to look for that pitfall, how to recognize it, what effect it would have on results, and how to tell if an author has successfully mitigated the pitfall.

Written with clarity and precision, this invaluable resource ensures that readers develop a deep understanding of the critical elements that underpin the quality of medical literature. Each chapter presents a specific concept and employs a practical approach, utilizing the analysis of a real-world medical article to illustrate the concept in action. By dissecting the research, readers learn to identify common pitfalls, recognize their influence on the results, and determine whether the author has effectively addressed them.

By exploring topics such as research methodology, bias detection, and result interpretation, Problems and Pitfalls in Medical Literature empowers readers to go beyond a superficial understanding of articles and critically evaluate their reliability and relevance.