Primordial Nucleosynthesis and Evolution of Early Universe: Proceedings of the International Conference "Primordial Nucleosynthesis and Evolution of E

ISBN-13: 9789401055093 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 628 str.

Katsuhiko Sato; J. Audouze

Opis

The International Conference "Primordial Nucleosynthesis and Evolution of Early Universe" was held in the presence of Prof. William Fowler on 4 - 8 September 1990 at the Sanjo Conference Hall, the University of Tokyo. This conference was co-sponsored by IUPAP, the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, and by the University of Tokyo. The number of participants was 156, 58 from 15 foreign countries and 98 from Japan. About 120 contributions were submitted orally or as posters. Originally this conference was planned as a small gathering on Primordial Nucleosynthesis as indicated in the title, since primordial nucleosynthesis is the most important probe of the early stage of the universe. As is well known, light element abundances strongly depend on the time evolution of temperature and density. In this sense we can say that primordial nucleosynthesis is both the thermometer and speedometer of the early universe. Moreover, recently it has been claimed that primordial nucleosynthesis is an indicator of inhomogeneity of the early universe too. Now research of the primordial nucleosynthesis is in a boom. We, however, decided to include observational cosmology, of observations. taking into account the recent remarkable results Nowadays, to reveal the large scale structure of the universe and discover its origin is a main subject in cosmology. We invited distinguished scientists from all over the world, and very fortunately almost all these people accepted to attend this conference.

Spis treści

1. Standard Model of Primordial Nucleosynthesis and Observations of Light Elements.- Standard Model of Primordial Nucleosynthesis: A Few General Remarks.- The Abundances of D, He and Li Test and Constrain the Standard Model of Cosmology.- Lithium, Beryllium and Boron: Observational Constraints on Primordial Nucleosynthesis.- The Evolution of the Galactic Lithium Abundance.- Chemical Evolution of Galaxies.- The Effect of Some Nonequilibrium Processes on the Primordial Nucleosynthesis.- Analysis of the Reaction 7Li(d,n)8Be at Subcoulomb Energies.- Experimental Study of the Key Reaction to the Nucleosynthesis in the Inhomogeneous Big Bang Models.- Primordial Black Holes and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.- Constraints from Primordial Nucleosynthesis on Neutrino Degeneracy.- 2. QCD Phase Transition and Nucleosynthesis in Inhomogeneous Universes.- Strange Quark Matter in Physics and Astrophysics.- Primordial Nucleosynthesis in Inhomogeneous Universe.- Sterile Neutrinos in the Early Universe.- Could Cosmic QCD Phase Transition Produce Strange Quark Matter Which Survives until the Present Time?.- Multi-Zone Calculation of Nucleosynthesis in Inhomogeneous Universe and Be-9 Abundance.- Signatures of Inhomogeneity in the Early Universe.- Diffusion Coefficients of Nucleons in the Inhomogeneous Big Bang Model.- Reactions on Carbon-14.- Survival of Strange Matter Lumps Formed in the Early Universe.- Measurement of the Cross Section of the 12C(n,g)13C Reaction at Stellar Energy.- Inhomogeneous Universes in the Framework of Lattice QCD.- 3. Inflation and very Early Universe.- The Beginning of the Universe.- Extended Inflationary Cosmology: A Primer.- The Inflation Sector of Extended Inflation.- Inflation in Generalized Einstein Theories.- Baryogenesis in the Universe.- Formation of Topological Defects in the Inflationary Universe.- Non-Zel’dovich Fluctuations from Inflation.- Magnetic Theory of Gravitation.- Chaotic Inflation and the Omega Problem.- Late-Time Cosmological Phase Transitions.- False-Vacuum Decay in Generalized Extended Inflation.- Reconciling a Small Density Parameter to Inflation.- Soft Inflation: A Model for Easing Constraints.- Stochastic Inflation Lattice Simulations: Ultra-Large Scale Structure of the Universe.- Purely Quantum Derivation of Density Fluctuations in the Inflationary Universe.- Constraints on the Coupling of Weakly-Interacting Particles to Matter from Stellar Evolution.- Formation and Evolution of Domain-Wall-Networks.- Catastrophe of Spacetime in the Early Universe.- (2+1)-Dimensional Quantum Gravity.- A Stringy Universe Scenario.- The Constant-Mean-Curvature Slicing of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter Space-Time.- Schwarzschild-de Sitter Type Wormhole and Cosmological Constant.- 4. Background Radiation.- COBE: New Sky Maps of the Early Universe.- Large Scale Cosmic Instability.- Gas-Induced Primary and Secondary CMB Anisotropies.- Cosmic X-Ray Background.- Large Scale Anisotropy of the CMB in an Open Universe and Constraints on the Models of Galaxy Formation.- 5. Dark Matter.- The Best-Fit Universe.- LEP Physics and the Early Universe.- A Search for Dark Matters in the Kamiokande II.- Baryonic Dark Matter.- Phenomenological Dark Matter Detection Rate-form WIMP to SIMP-.- 6. Galaxies and AGN.- X-Ray Iron Line of Cluster of Galaxies.- Dynamical Evolution of Compact Groups of Galaxies.- Correlations of Spin Angular Momenta of Galaxies.- Formation of Bipolar Radio Jets and Lobes from Accreton Disk around Forming Blackhole at the Center of Protogalaxies.- An Evolutionary Unified Scheme for Radio-Loud Quasars and Blazars.- Magnetohydrodynamical Energy Extraction from a Kerr Black Hole.- Spherical Symmetric Model for Calculating Large Peculiar Velocities of Galaxies.- On the Origin of Cosmological Magnetic Fields.- 7. Large Scale Structure.- The Hawaii Deep Survey-Implications for Cosmology and Galaxy Formation.- Analysis of the Large Scale Structure with Deep Pencil Beam Surveys.- Distance to the Coma Cluster and the Value of H0.- Cosmological Implications of HI Absorption systems.- Gravitational Lens Effect on Cosmological Distance.- Apparent and Biased Effects in Oscillating Universe.- Oscillating Physics and Periodic Universes.- Probes of the High-Redshift Universe.- Large Scale Coherent Structures in the Universe.- Non-Gaussian Density Field in Nonlinear Gravitational Clustering.- United Ways of Inflation in Generalized Gravities.- Reviving Massive Neutrinos for Large-Scale Structure.- Cellular Distribution of the Universe and Dark Matter.- The Large-Scale Peculiar Velocity at High Redshift.- An Evidence of Multiply-Connected Topology Model of the Universe.- Non-Gaussian Initial Conditions in CDM Model Simulations.- Evolution of Galaxy Cluster and Primordial Nucleosynthesis.- Constraints on Universe Models with Cosmological Constant from Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy.- Gravitational Lens Effect and Distance Measure.- Constraints on the Cosmic String Scenario from the Large-Scale Distribution of Galaxies.- Clustering and Velocity Field of Galaxies in Cold Dark Matter Scenario.- Formation of Galactic Halos from Seeded Hot Dark Matter.- Gravitational Clustering of Galaxies: Comparison between Thermodynamic Theory and N-body Simulations.- The Hydrodynamical Interaction of Galaxies.- Velocity Fields around Superclusters: The Effect of Asphericity.- Evolution and Statistics from the Number Counts of X-Ray Cluster and Intergalactic Medium.- A Sample of Ultraluminous IRAS Galaxies in Southern Sky.- Backreactions of Inhomogeneities on Expanding Universes.- Multi-Level Feature in the Large Scale Distribution of Galaxies.- Fragmentation and Clustering in the Wake Formed by Cosmic String.- Perturbations of the One-Dimensional Structure in the Universe.- Three Points Spatial Correlation Function on the Self Similar Observer Homogeneous Structure.- Limits from Cosmological Nucleosynthesis on the Leptonic Numbers of the Universe.- Inhomogeneities and Non-Friedmann Light Propagation.- On the Generation of Non-Gaussian Fluctuations During Chaotic Inflation.- A Unified Picture of HI Absorption-Line Systems by Minihalos.- Gravitational Lens Effect on the Images of High Redshift Objects.- 8. Cosmological Parameters.- Gravitational Lens Determinations of Cosmological Parameters.- Global Cosmological Parameters.- Gravitational Lens Effects on the Redshift-Volume Test of ?0.- 9. Summary.- Summary of the Conference.- 10. List of Participants.