Prediction of Polymeric Membrane Separation and Purification Performances: A Combined Mechanical, Chemical and Thermodynamic Model for Organic Systems

ISBN-13: 9783319124087 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 51 str.

Alexander Anim-Mensah; Rakesh Govind

Opis

This brief describes the development of a new model for realistically characterizing solution-diffusion transport mechanisms in polymeric membranes that are used for separation and purification of organic solvents. Polymeric membranes used in these environments, if not selected appropriately, undergo excessive swelling and compaction resulting in lowered performance or membrane destruction in the long-term. This brief describes the relationship between key parameters from a chemical, mechanical and thermodynamic perspective. Moreover, the authors show how this new model points membrane manufacturers, scientists, and engineers towards an understanding of how these key parameters are considered in (1) designing and manufacturing membranes for the right application, (2) designing the right test experiments to determine the long-term membrane behavior in a short time, (3) minimizing the number of experiments to determine a reliable membrane for an application and (4) selecting the right membrane with higher level of certainty. The overall benefits of the model includes saving money and time. A simplified version of the model is included to assist the reader.

Spis treści

Introduction.- Organic Solvents.- Membrane Performances.- Membrane Performance and Factors.- In-situ Real-time Swelling and Compaction Measurement.- Description of Material Mechanical Properties.- Constraint Polymeric Membrane Model.- Model Development.- Model Results.- Effects of Composite Membrane Young’s Modulus (E) on Membrane Performance.- Effects of Solvent Density (i) on Membrane Performance.- Effects of Solubility Parameter Differences between Solvents and Solutes () on Membrane Performance.- Effects of Poisson Ratio (ν) on Membrane Performance.- Effects of   on Membrane Performance.- Effects of Swelling on Membrane Performance.- Effects of Membrane Swelling and Young’s Modulus on Membrane Performance.- Effects of Concentration Ratio Coefficient Kd on Membrane Performance.- Model Prediction Compared with Experimental and Published Data.- Dehydration of Aqueous Ethanol   Using Unfluorinated and Fluorinated PolySiloxane-Imide (PSI) Pervaporation Membranes with varying Siloxane wt. %.- Dehydration of Aqueous Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) and Butyl Acetate Using Siloxane-Urethane Pervaporation Membranes with varying Siloxane Wt. %.- Solute Purification and Solvents Recovery for Reuse using Pressure-Driven Polyimide (PI) Nanofiltration (STARMEM-122) Membrane.- Conclusions.- Future Directions.