Precision Spectroscopy in Astrophysics: Proceedings of the ESO/Lisbon/Aveiro Conference Held in Aveiro, Portugal, 11-15 September 2006

ISBN-13: 9783540754848 / Angielski / Twarda / 2007 / 328 str.

L. Pasquini; A. C. M. Correia; M. Romaniello

Opis

Since the use of high-precision/resolution spectroscopy is closely connected to the ability to collect a large number of photons, the scientific domains using this technique benefit tremendously from the use of 8-meter class telescopes and will fully exploit the tremendous gain provided by future Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). This volume comprehensively covers the astrophysical and technical aspects of high-precision spectroscopy with an outlook to future developments.

Spis treści

Abundances and Isotopes.- Lithium Isotopic Abundances in Stars.- Lithium Isotopic Abundances in Old Stars.- Accurate Quantitative Spectroscopy of OB Stars: the H, He and C Spectrum.- High Resolution Spectroscopy of HgMn stars: A Time of Surprises.- High-resolution Spectroscopy of Faint Stars with Transiting Planets.- First Resolved Narrow Line Profiles in Ultracool Dwarfs.- Physical Parameters of Evolved Stars in Clusters and in the Field from Line-depth Ratios.- UVES and CRIRES Spectroscopy of AGB Stars: Technetium and the Third Dredge-up.- Characterisation of the Ursa Major Group.- [C/O] Observations in Low-[Fe/H] Halo Stars.- Oxygen Abundances in Metal-poor Stars, from [OI], OI and IR OH Lines.- Sulphur Abundances in Metal-poor Stars.- Isotopic Abundances of Eu, Ba, and Sm in Metal-Poor Stars.- QSO Absorption Lines.- Gas-phase Deuterium Abundances, Near and Far.- Comprehensive Abundance Measurements in Damped Ly? Systems.- Molecular Hydrogen at High Redshift and the Variation with Time of the Electron-to-proton Mass Ratio, ? = m e /m p .- Spectroscopy of QSO Pairs.- Small-scale Structure of High-redshift OVI Absorption Systems.- Hot Halos around High-Redshift Galaxies.- Fundamental Constants.- Astrophysical Probes of Fundamental Physics.- Revisiting VLT/UVES Constraints on a Varying Fine-structure Constant.- On the Variation of the Fine-structure Constant, and Precision Spectroscopy.- High-Precision Measurements of ??/?from QSO Absorption Spectra.- Probing Fundamental Constant Evolution with Redshifted OH Lines.- A Molecular Probe of Dark Energy.- Beyond Photon Noise.- Establishing Wavelength Standards in the near Infra-red: Th-Ar.- Atomic Data for Astrophysics — Parameters Precision, Priorities.- Optimal Extraction of Echelle Spectra.- Hydrodynamical Model Atmospheres and 3D Spectral Synthesis.- Intrinsic Lineshifts in Astronomical Spectra.- Study of Line Bisectors and its Relation with Precise Radial Velocities in the Search for Extrasolar Planets.- A Pan-Spectral Method of Abundance Determination.- Spectroscopic Binary Mass Determination Using Relativity.- Asteroseismology/Oscillations.- Asteroseismology Across the HR Diagram.- High-Precision Spectroscopy of Pulsating Stars.- Mapping Atmospheric Motions in Classical and Type II Cepheids.- Iron Abundances of Southern Double-mode Cepheids from High-resolution Echelle Spectroscopy.- Planets.- Radial Velocity Planet Detection using a Gas Absorption Cell.- Pushing Down the Limits of the Radial Velocity Technique.- Transiting Planets: Follow the FLAMES....- Planet Detection Around M Dwarfs: New Constraints on Planet Formation Models.- Planets Around Giant Stars.- Planets Around Active Stars.- A Catalogue of Nearby Exoplanets.- Determination of the Orbital Parameters of a System with N + 1 Bodies using a Simple Fourier Analysis of the Data.- Extrasolar Comets.- Measuring Winds in Titan’s Atmosphere with High-precision Doppler Velocimetry.- Future Developments.- The European Large Telescope and its Spectroscopic Instrumentation.- CRIRES: A High Resolution Infrared Spectrograph for ESO’s VLT.- Stellar Oscillations Network Group: Asteroseismology and Planet Hunting.- Interferometric Spectroscopy.- A Global Network of 2 m-class spectroscopic telescopes.- Possibility of Heterodyne Correlation Interferometry with a Tunable Laser and Absolute Frequency Measurements.- Codex.- Posters.- Precision Laboratory UV and IR Wavelengths for Cosmological and Astrophysical Applications.- Abundance Analysis of ? Centauri A.- The SB3 Star 74 Aqr: Abundances and Magnetic Field.- Nitrogen Isotope Ratios in Comets.- Finding Stable Fits for Extrasolar Planetary Systems.- Heavy Calcium in CP Stars: A New Isotopic Anomaly.- The Li Abundance and the Age of AB Dor Association.- Si and Ca Abundances of a Selected Sample of Evolved Stars.- Abundance Trends with Condensation Temperature in Planet-harbouring Stars: Hints of Pollution?.- Using the HeII Ly? Forest to Constrain the Temperature of the IGM.- Production of H 3 + and D 3 + from (CH 3)2 CO and (CD 3)2 CO in PDR’S.- Bisectors as Distance Estimators for Microquasars?.- Metallicity of Pleiades Dwarf.- Precision of Radial Velocity Surveys using Multiobject Spectrographs — Experiences with Hectochelle.- High Resolution Study of the Young Quadruple System AO Vel with an Eclipsing BpSi Primary.- A Survey for Extrasolar Planets Around A-F Type Stars.- A Study of the Magnetic Helium Variable Emission-line Star HD 125823.- bHROS: The High-Resolution Optical Spectrograph at Gemini South.- Stellar Wobble Caused by a Binary System: Investigation in the Framework of the General Three Body Problem.- The Chemical Composition of B-type Pulsators: Some Unexpected Results.- Radial Velocity Precision in the Near-Infrared with T-EDI.- HD154708 — The Challenging Abundance Analysis of an Extremely Magnetic Star.- A Search for Disk-Locking in the Chamaeleon I Star Forming Region.- A Precision Radial Velocity Survey of Red Giants.- Chromospheric Lines as Diagnostics of Stellar Oscillations.- Comparing 3D Solar Model Atmospheres with Observations: Hydrogen Lines and Centre-to-limb Variations.- Towards the Detection of Reflected Light from Exo-planets: a Comparison of Two Methods.- A Correlation Between the Activity Level and the Radial-velocity for Solar-type Stars?.- Spectroscopic Parameters for a Sample of Metal-rich Solar-type Stars.- Radial Velocity Search for Extrasolar Planets in Binary Systems.- Inferring Photospheric Velocities from P Cygni Lines in Type IIP Supernova Atmospheres.- High-resolution Spectroscopic Characterization of Young Stars.- TIRAVEL — Template Independent RAdial VELocity Measurement.

Blurb

High-accuracy Doppler shift measurements and high-precision spectroscopy are primary techniques in the search for exo-planets.

Further extremely interesting applications include the analysis of QSO absorption lines to determine the variability of physical constants and the analysis of the isotopic ratios of absorption lines both in stars and in QSOs, and the determination of stellar oscillations through radial velocity measurements. Since the use of high-precision/resolution spectroscopy is closely connected to the ability to collect a large number of photons, the scientific domains using this technique benefit tremendously from the use of 8-meter class telescopes and will fully exploit the tremendous gain provided by future Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). IR high-resolution spectroscopy should soon approach the same accuracy regime achieved in the optical range.

This volume comprehensively covers the astrophysical and technical aspects of high-precision spectroscopy with an outlook to future developments, and represents a useful reference work for researchers in those fields.