Practitioner's Guide to Behavioral Problems in Children

ISBN-13: 9780306477409 / Angielski / Twarda / 2003 / 158 str.

Glen P. Aylward

Opis

Over the last 25 years of clinical practice, I have been impressed with a paradox, namely, the uniqueness in each child, in contrast to the frequent commonalities found in the development of behavioral problems. I have also been duly impressed with the resilience of children and their families, and the impact that provision of knowledge regarding development and behavior can have on facilitating this resilience. Guidance provided by the practitioner to caretakers can have a tremendous influence in altering the of a behavioral concern, particularly if this guidance is provided course early in the evolution of the potential problem, and is directed toward skill development in the parents. Moreover, if parents can be provided with basic principles of behavior, and are able to self-monitor their reactions to the behaviors of their child, the likelihood of a positive outcome is enhanced. With these considerations in mind, the purpose of this book is two-fold. First, it provides a quick reference for the practitioner regard ing parenting, child development, and conceptualizing, identifying, and treating behavioral concerns. The text is geared to be a practical, quick read, which the practitioner can use in anticipatory guidance or first-tier interventions. The second purpose is to provide a reference for parents. More specifically, clinicians may recommend the book to parents as a so-called bibliotherapeutic aid, either to be read independently or used in conjunction with an intervention program provided by the practitioner."

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- Behavioral Problems in Infants and Young Children.- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-Primary Care (DSM-PC).- Age Concerns.- Risk and Protective Factors.- Social Status.- Psychosocial Factors.- Suggested Questions for Psychosocial Screening.- Bidirectional Influences.- 2 Parenting Issues.- Family Considerations.- Dimensions of Parenting.- Control.- Communication.- Maturity Demands.- Nurturance.- Parenting Profiles.- Authoritarian Parenting.- Permissive Parenting.- Authoritative Parenting.- Other Parenting Issues.- Summary.- Stress.- Parental History.- Other Parental Risks.- Discipline.- 3 Child Characteristics.- Cognitive Abilities.- Temperament.- Temperament Constellations.- Easy Child.- Difficult Child.- Slow-to-Warm-Up Child.- Temperament and Problem Behaviors.- Other Temperamental Considerations.- Attachment.- Secure Attachment.- Insecure Attachment.- Disorganized Attachment.- Clinical Evaluation of Attachment.- Vulnerable Child Syndrome.- Spoiled Child Syndrome.- Summary.- Child-Caretaker Interplay.- Characteristics of Invulnerability.- 4 Externalizing Disorders.- Aggression.- Violence.- Oppositional-Defiant Disorder (ODD)/ Conduct Disorder (CD).- Relationship between Oppositional-Defiant and Conduct Disorders.- Developmental Subtypes of Aggression.- Life-Course Persistent/Early Starters.- Adolescent-Limited/Late Onset.- Protective Factors.- Assessment Framework.- Summary.- 5 Theories and Practice.- Maturational Theory.- Psychodynamic Model.- Psychosocial Model.- Cognitive Model.- Moral Development.- Behavioral Model.- Classical Conditioning.- Examples of Classical Conditioning.- Counter-Conditioning.- Enuresis.- Operant Conditioning.- Operant Behavioral Problems.- Methods of Altering Behaviors.- Social Learning Theory/Modeling.- Summary.- 6 General Intervention Algorithm.- Identify/Define Problem.- Consider Other Issues.- Define Positive Behavior.- Describe Program/Choices.- Problem Behavior.- If Problem Behavior Occurs.- Time Out.- Time-Out Enhancement.- Response Cost.- If Problem Behavior Does Not Occur.- 7 Specific Techniques.- Statements of Disapproval/Explanations.- Warnings.- Time Out.- If Time Out is Ineffective.- Presentation of Aversive Stimuli.- Response Cost.- Token Systems.- Grab-bag/Treasure Chest.- If Token Program is Unsuccessful.- Ignoring/Distracting.- Behavior Log/Diary.- Other Approaches/Considerations.- Applications.- 8 Applications.- Case 1. Aggression.- Case 2. Bedtime Problem.- Case 3. Time-Out Refusal.- Case 4. Toileting Problem.- Case 5. Homework problem.- Case 6. Problem with Separation.- Case 7. Refusal to Do Chores.- Case 8. School Difficulty.- Summary.- 9 Quick Reference: Signs, Reinforcements, Techniques, and Considerations.- Aggression (Young Child).- Aggression (Older Child).- Argumentativeness.- Bedwetting.- Excessive Fears.- Food Refusal.- Masturbatory Behavior.- Mutism.- Noncompliance.- Refusal to Take Medication.- School Behavioral Problem.- School Refusal.- Separation Issue.- Sibling Conflict.- Sleep Problem.- Soiling.- Somatic Concerns.- Temper Tantrums.- Thumbsucking.- Whining.- 10 Summary and Musings.- References.

O autorze

Glen Aylward is professor of pediatrics and psychiatry and director of the Division of Developmental and Behavior Pediatrics at Southern Illinois University School of Medicine.