Population Genetics and Microevolutionary Theory

ISBN-13: 9781118504239 / Angielski / Twarda / 2021 / 768 str.

Alan R. Templeton

Opis

Population Genetics and Microevolutionary Theory, Second Edition provides a solid basis in population genetics, with an emphasis on comprehending the biological implications of population genetic theory. Building on the success of the first edition, Population Genetics is now revised and expanded with coverage of the exciting new developments in the field, including new discoveries in epigenetics and genome-wide studies. Emphasizing that population structure forms the underlying template upon which quantitative genetics and natural selection operate, the book prepares students to successfully apply population genetics analytical tools by providing a solid foundation in microevolutionary theory. Population Genetics and Microevolutionary Theory, Second Edition is a must-read for future population and evolutionary geneticists, and for those who will be applying population genetic concepts and techniques in other areas such as genetic epidemiology and conservation biology.

Spis treści

Preface to the 2nd Edition ixChapter 1. The Scope and Basic Premises of Population Genetics 1-1Basic Premises of Population Genetics 1-1Population Genomics1-12Section 1: Population Structure and HistoryChapter 2. Modeling Evolution and the Hardy-Weinberg Law 2-1How to Model Microevolution 2-1The Hardy-Weinberg Model 2-4Hardy-Weinberg for Two Loci2-19Chapter 3. Systems of Mating 3-1Inbreeding 3-1Assortative Mating3-25Disassortative Mating3-45Chapter 4. Genetic Drift 4-1Basic Evolutionary Properties of Genetic Drift 4-2Founder and Bottleneck Effects 4-7Genetic Drift and Disequilibrium4-11Genetic Drfit, Disequilibrium, and System of Mating4-13Effective Population Size4-18Chapter 5. Genetic Drift in Large Populations and Coalescence 5-1Newly Arisen Mutations 5-1Neutral Alleles 5-3The Coalescent5-22Chapter 6. Gene Flow and Population Subdivision 6-1Gene Flow Between Two Local Populations 6-1The Balance of Gene Flow and Drift 6-6An Example of the Balance of Drift and Gene Flow6-27Factors Influencing The Amount and Patter of Gene Flow6-42Total Effective Population Size in Subdivided Populations6-62Multiple Modes of Inheritance and Population Structure6-71Admixture6-76Identifying Subpopulations and Population Structure6-81A Final Warning6-96Chapter 7. Population History 7-1Inferring Historical Effective Population Sizes 7-6Inferring Historical Gene Flow Patterns and Admixture 7-11Using Haplotype Trees to Study Population History 7-19Model Based Approaches to Phylogeographic Analysis 7-56Direct Studies Over Space and Past Times 7-70Historical Population Genetics and Macroevolution 7-75Section 2: Genotype and PhenotypeChapter 8. Basic Quantitative Genetic Definitions and Theory 8-1"Simple" Mendelian Phenotypes 8-2Nature Versus Nurture? 8-7The Fisherian Model of Quantitative Genetics8-13Chapter 9. Quantitative Genetics: Unmeasured Genotypes 9-1Correlation Between Relatives 9-2The Distinction Between Heritability and Inheritance9-17Response to Selection9-19The Problem of Between-Population Differences in MeanPhenotype 9-21Controlled Crosses for the Analysis of Between PopulationDifferences 9-30The Balance Between Mutation, Drift, and Gene Flow UponPhenotypic Variance 9-36Chapter 10. Quantitative Genetics: Measured Genotypes 10-1Marker Association Studies 10-5Candidate Loci10-35Candidate Loci and Genetic Architecture10-51Section 3: Natural Selection and AdaptationChapter 11. Natural Selection 11-1The Fundamental Equation of Natural Selection: MeasuredGenotypes 11-4Sickle-Cell Anemia as an Example of Natural Selection 11-10Adaptation as a Polygenic Process 11-24The Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection: UnmeasuredGenotypes 11-29Some Implications of the Fundamental Equations of NaturalSelection 11-33The Course of Adaptation and Natural Selection 11-47Chapter 12. Interactions of Natural Selection with Other Evolutionary Forcesand the Detection of Natural Selection 12-1The Interaction of Natural Selection with Mutation 12-3The Interaction of Natural Selection with Mutation and System ofMating 12-8The Interaction of Natural Selection with Gene Flow 12-12The Interaction of Natural Selection with Genetic Drift 12-21The Interactions of Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, andGene Flow 12-28The Interactions of Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, and Mutation 12-45The Interactions of Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, Mutation, andRecombination 12-65Candidate Loci 12-71Quantitative Genetic Approaches to Detecting Selection 12-75The Neutralist/Selectionist Debate 12-80Chapter 13. Units and Targets of Selection 13-1The Unit of Selection 13-4Targets of Selection Below the Level of the Individual 13-18Targets of Selection Above the Level of the Individual 13-51Chapter 14. Selection in Heterogeneous Environments 14-1Coarse-Grained Spatial Heterogeneity 14-4Coarse-Grained Temporal Heterogeneity 14-34Fine-Grained Heterogeneity 14-56Coevolution 14-74Chapter 15. Selection in Age-Structured Populations 15-1Life History and Fitness 15-3The Evolution of Senescence 15-13Abnormal Abdomen: An Example of Selection in anAge-Structured Population 15-24Overview 15-63AppendicesAppendix 1. Genetic Survey Techniques A1-1Appendix 2. Probability and Statistics A2-1References R-1 Index

O autorze

Alan R. Templeton, PhD, is Charles Rebstock Professor Emeritus of Biology and Statistical Genomics at Washington University in St. Louis. His research focus is on the application of molecular genetic techniques and statistical population genetics to a variety of basic and applied evolutionary problems. He is on the editorial boards of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution and Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online.