Population Biology and Evolution

ISBN-13: 9783642696480 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 274 str.

K. W. Hrmann; V. L. Schcke

Opis

This volume contains the papers presented at a symposium on popula tion biology sponsored by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. It was . held at the guest house of the University of Ttibingen at Oberjoch on May 15-19, 1983. Prior to this conference a small group of European biologists had met in Berlin (June 1981) and Pavia (September 1982) to discuss re search problems on the borderline between population genetics and evolutionary ecology. From the contributions and discussions at these meetings it became evident that the unification of approaches to evolutionary problems in population genetics and evolutionary ecology has not yet been suc cessful and requires further efforts. It was the consensus that a larger symposium with international participation would be helpful to con front and discuss the different approaches to population biology in order to assess "where we are now" and "where we should be going. " As a result an organizational committee was formed (F. Christiansen, S. Jayakar, V. Loeschcke, W. Scharloo, and K. W6hrmann) to iden tify topics that seemed, at least to them, to be fruitful in tackling problems in population biology. Consequently, a number of colleagues were asked to participate in the meeting. We have divided this book into chapters corresponding to the eight topics chosen. The volume begins with the relation between genotype and phenotype and is followed by a chapter on quantitative genetics and selection in natural populations.

Spis treści

Introduction: Genotype and Phenotype: Basic Concepts in Population Biology.- Genotype and Phenotype.- Genetics of Adaptive Reactions.- The Genetics of Seasonal Polyphenism and the Evolution of “General Purpose Genotypes” in Butterflies.- How Much of the Phenotype is Necessary to Understand Evolution at the Level of the Gene?.- Quantitative Characters and Selection in Natural Populations.- Genetic Changes in the Morphological Differentiation of Darwin’s Ground Finches.- Quantitative Genetics in Natural Populations of Birds, Illustrated with Examples from the Great Tit, Parus major.- Theoretical Aspects of Density Regulation and Life Histories.- The Delayed Effect on Adult Fertility of Immature Crowding: Population Dynamics.- Selection and Numbers in Models of Life Histories.- Selection in a Cyclically Changing Environment.- Evolution in a Temporally Varying Environment: Density and Composition Dependent Genotypic Fitnesses.- Genetic Heterogeneity and Ecological Factors.- The Alcohol Dehydrogenase Polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster, Facts and Problems.- Genetic Polymorphism and its Ecological Background in Tephritid Populations (Diptera: Tephritidae).- Multilocus Organization of Plant Populations.- Genetic Structure and Demography in Plants.- Age-Specific Fitness Components in Plants: Genotype and Phenotype.- Influence of Population Parameters on the Genetic Structure of Capsella Populations.- Population Differentiation and Asexual Reproduction.- Demographic Implications of Genetic Variation in Zooplankton Populations.- Population Biology of the Rose Aphid, Macrosiphum rosae.- Ecological Differentiation Among Clones: The Frozen Niche Variation Model.- Theoretical Aspects of Coevolution.- The Interplay Between Genetic Composition, Species Number, and Population Sizes Under Exploitative Composition.- Coevolution at Two Trophic Levels.- Comments on Models.- Models in Population Genetics.- Models in Evolutionary Ecology.