A Brief History of Polymeric Cryogels.- General Aspects of Cryotropic Gelation.- Synthesis, Structure-Property Relationships of Cryogels.- Kinetic Analysis of Cryotropic Gelation by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering.- Cryogels via UV Irradiation Technique.- Inorganic Cryogels.- Cryogels for Biotechnological Applications.- Cryogels for Biomedical Applications.