Pollutants in a Multimedia Environment

ISBN-13: 9781461293149 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 346 str.

Yoram Cohen

Opis

Pollutants released to the environment are distributed among the many environmental media such as air, water, soil, and vegetation, as the result of complex physical, chemical and biological processes. The possible environmental impact associated with chemical pollutants is related to their concentration levels and persistence in the various environmental compartments. Therefore, information regarding the migration of pollutants across environmental phase boundaries (eg., air-water, soil-water) and their accumulation in the environment is essential if we are to assess the potential environmental impact and the associated risks. In recent years it has become apparent that environmental pollution is a multimedia problem. Risk assessment and the design of appropriate pollution control measures require that we carefully consider the transport and accumulation of pollutants in the environment. We are now recognizing that the environment must be considered as a whole, and the scientific and regulatory approaches must consider the interactions of environmental media. It is also becoming apparent that single-medium approaches are partial and often counter-productive. On the other hand any multimedia program must carefully consider the rate of each environmental medium in the overall multimedia scheme.

Spis treści

A Multimedia Approach to Pollution Control: Cross-Media Problems.- Multimedia Transport Modeling.- Intermedia Transport Modeling in Multimedia Systems.- Transport of Chemical Contaminants in the Marine Environment Originating from Offshore Drilling Bottoms Deposits — A Vignette Model.- Pollutant Transport in Flow-through Wetland Ecosystems.- Unified Transport Model for Organics.- The Fugacity Approach to Multimedia Environmental Modeling.- A Chemical Runoff Model:.- Stochastic Methods for Intermedia Transport Analysis.- Multimedia Analyses of Exposure and Risk.- Application of Multimedia Pollutant Transport Models to Risk Analysis.- Overview of the Remedial Action Priority System (RAPS).- Estimation of Multimedia Exposures Related to Hazardous Waste Facilities.- Field Studies of Pollutant Transport and Exposure Assessment.- A Multimedia Study of Hazardous Waste Landfill Gas Migration.- The Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) Study: Direct Measurement of Personal Exposures through Air and Water for 600 Residents of Several U.S. Cities.- Multimedia Design Principles Applied to the Development of the Global Baseline Integrated Monitoring Network.- Summary.- Contributors.