Plant Ecology, Herbivory, and Human Impact in Nordic Mountain Birch Forests

ISBN-13: 9783540229094 / Angielski / Twarda / 2005 / 370 str.

F. E. Wielgolaski; Frans E. Wielgolaski

Opis

This work analyzes vegetation and soils, and investigates the influence of climate change, insect pests, grazing pressure by sheep and reindeer, construction of roads and other consequences of increasing tourism in the Nordic mountain birch forests.

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"Springer's Ecological Studies series provides an invaluable database and synthesis in ecology that students and researchers alike should be aware of. The series provides very useful insights into ecosystems, providing background and up-to-date information on whole ecosystems and how they function in relation to their environment. This book is no exception. ... I would recommend this book to researchers and students alike, as the data are presented in a very accessible, clear fashion and the content can be extrapolated to many upland ecosystems in the United Kingdom." (Mountain Research and Development)

"The book is well structured and consists of 25 well-written concise chapters mostly by groups of authors ... all being specialists in the field. ... We have to congratulate all authors in particular the editor on this versatile, highly informative, well organized and concisely written book. ... This fascinating book is strongly recommended ... . It is a must for libraries of universities, high schools and other institutes and organisations of fundamental and applied research in bio- and geosciences ... ." (Fred J. A. Daniëls, Phytocoenologia, Vol. 37 (2), 2007)

Spis treści

SECTION I : HISTORY, ENVIRONMENT AND PLANT SCIENCE 1. History and environment of the Nordic mountain birch. FE Wielgolaski 2. Soils and nutrients in northern birch forests: A case study from Finnmarksvidda, northern Norway. K-D Meier, D Thannheiser, J Wehberg, V Eisenmann 3. Vegetation of the mountain birch forest in northern Fennoscandia. J Wehherg, D Thannheiser, K-D Meier 4. Biomass and production on a landscape level in the northern mountain birch forests. H Tømmervik, FE Wielgolaski, S Neuvonen, B Solberg, KA Høgda 5. Mountain birch growth in relation to climate and herbivores. PS Karlsson, M Weih, C Borg 6. Responses of temperature changes on survival and growth in mountain birch populations. O Skre, J Nilsen, M Naess, B Igeland, K Taulavuori, E Taulavuori, K. Laine 7. Phenology and performance of mountain birch provenances in transplant gardens: latitudinal, attitudinal and oceanity-continentaIity gradients. J Ovaska, J Nilsen, FE Wielgolaski, H Kauhanen, R Partanen, S Neuvonen, L Kapari, O Skre, K Laine 8. A dynamic forest in a changing environment. (SYNTHESIS SECTION 1) PS Karlsson, FE Wielgolaski SECTION 2: HERBIVORY 9. Forest defoliation risks in birch forests by insects under different climate and land use scenarios in northern Europe. S Neuvonen, H Bylund, H Tømmervik 10. Birch sapling responses to severity and timing of domestic herbivore browsing - implications for management. AJ Hester, K Lempa, S Neuvonen, K Høgh, J Feilberg, S Arnthórsdóttir, G Iason 11. Effects of reindeer grazing on pastures in a mountain birch ecosystem. K Lempa, S Neuvonen, H Tømmervik 12. Long-term influence of herbivores on northern birch forests. O Tenow. H Bylund, AC Nilsen, PS Karlsson 13. Herbivory in northern birch forests. (SYNTHESIS SECTION 2) S Neuvonen, FE Wielgolaski SECTION 3: HUMANIMPACT 14. Rates and processes of natural regeneration in disturbed habitats. B Forbes, A Tolvanen, FE Wielgolaski, K Laine 15. Recreation at treeline and interactions with other land use activities. A Tolvanen, B Forbes, S Wall, Y Norokorpi 16. Economic limits and possibilities for sustainable utilization of northern birch forests. B Solberg, H Tømmervik, D Thannheiser, S Neuvonen 17. The vegetation changes and recent impact on the mountain birch forest during the last 40 years. D. Thannheiser, H Tømmervik, J Wehberg 18. Sami approaches to mountain birch utilization in northern Sapmi (Finland and Norway). MS Aikio, L Müller-Wille 19. Sustainable reindeer herding in the mountain birch ecosystem. K Lempa, S Neuvonen, H Tømmervik 20. Competition over nature, space, resources, and management in the northern mountain birch forest ecosystem. (SYNTHESIS SECTION 3) D Thannheiser, L Müller-Wille, FE Wielgolaski, K-D Meier SECTION 4: MODELING DYNAMICS OF MOUNTAIN BIRCH FORESTS, MANAGEMENT AND FUTURE 21. Landscape-scale model relating the Nordic mountain birch forest spatio temporal dynamics to various anthropogenic influences, herbivory and climate change. AO Gautestad, FE Wielgolaski, I Mysterud 22. Scenarios for future development of the mountain birch ecosystem. AO Gautestad, FE Wielgolaski, B Solberg, I Mysterud 23. Managing the mountain birch ecosystem. Local communities and the state in Finlands forestry. L Müller-Wille, MS Aikio, V Luhta 24. Policies and developing plans towards sustainability of mountain birch ecosystems in Scandinavia. L Bäck, B Solberg, H Tømmervik, FE Wielgolaski SECTION 5: INTEGRATION AND CONCLUSION 25. The Nordic mountain birch ecosystem-challenges to sustainable management. (SYNTHESIS SECTIONS 1-4) FE Wielgolaski, PS Karlsson, S Neuvonen, D Thannheiser, H Tømmervik, AO