Plant Biotechnology: Experience and Future Prospects

ISBN-13: 9783319345413 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 291 str.

Agnes Ricroch; Surinder Chopra; Shelby Fleischer

Opis

Written in easy to follow language, the book presents cutting-edge agriculturally relevant plant biotechnologies and applications in a manner that is accessible to all.

Recenzje

"These Contributions by internationally recognized agriculture experts on the future prospects of biotechnology emphasize the many challenges in the next half-century: climate, energy, food, land degradation, and loss of biodiversity-all exacerbated by population increases demanding dramatic improvements in food security, particularly in the developing world and semi-arid tropics. ... Summing Up: Recommended. All levels of students, researchers/faculty, and professionals/practitioners." (W. Loescher, Choice, Vol. 52 (8), April, 2015)

Spis treści

Foreword Dr Bruce McPHERON, Dean, College of Agricultural Sciences, Ohio State University, USA

1. Introduction - Biotechnological interventions for crop improvement: answers to global challenges
Dr William DAR, Director General, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India

Part I. The Tools for Engineering Plants

2. The Evolution of Agriculture and Tools for Plant Innovations
Dr Agnes RICROCH, AgroParisTech, France and Penn State University, USA 

3. Techniques of Plant Breeding: Field Crops
Dr Surinder CHOPRA, Penn State University, USA

4. Genomic Methods for Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops
Dr Dea-Wook KIM, South Dakota State University, USA, and National Institute of Crop Science, South Korea, Dr Ganesh KUMAR AGRAWAL, Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Nepal, Dr Randeep RAKWAL, University of Tsukuba, Japan, Dr Shahid AHMED, Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, India, & Dr Jai Singh ROHILA, South Dakota State University, USA

Part II. Contributions to the Society

5. Transgenic Crops and Food Security
Dr Calestous JUMA & Katherine GORDON, Harvard University, USA

6. Intellectual Property Protection of Plant Innovation
Dr Bernard LE BUANEC, Academy of Agriculture of France & Dr Agnès RICROCH, AgroParisTech, France

7. Prospects for Agricultural Biotechnology to 2030
David SAWAYA, former Policy Analyst at OECD, Manager at Ernst & Young, France

8. Genetically Engineered Crops and Rural Society
Dr Leland GLENNA & Dr Krystal JONES, Penn State University, USA

9. Is It Possible to Overcome the GMO Controversy? Some Elements for a Philosophical Perspective
Dr Marcel KUNTZ, CNRS, France

Part III. Sustainable Management

10. Sustainable Management of Insect-Resistant Crops
Dr Shelby FLEISCHER, Penn State University, Dr William HUTCHISON, University of Minnesota & Dr. Steven NARANJO, USDA ARS, Arizona, USA

11. Effects of GM Crops on Non-Target Organisms
Dr Steven NARANJO, USDA-ARS, Arizona, USA

12. Herbicide-Resistant Crop Biotechnology: Potential and Pitfalls
Dr Franklin EGAN, Penn State University, USA

13. Virus-Resistant Crops and Trees
Dr Cristina ROSA, Penn State University & Dr Bryce W. FALK, University of California Davis, USA

14. Role of Biotechnology to Produce Plants Resistant to Fungal Pathogens
Dr Iffa GAFFOOR & Dr Surinder CHOPRA, Penn State University, USA

Part IV. Sustainable Environment

15. Root Traits for Improving Nitrogen Acquisition Efficiency
Dr Joseph G. CHIMUNGU & Dr Jonathan LYNCH, Penn State University, USA

16. Biotech Approaches for Crop Improvement in The Semi-Arid Tropics
Dr Kiran K. SHARMA, Dr Dumbala Srinivas REDDY & Dr Pooja BHATNAGAR-MATHUR, ICRISAT, India

17. Sustainable Soil Health
Dr Mary Ann BRUNS, Penn State University, USA

Part V. Contributions to Food, Feed, and Health

18. Approaches for Vegetable and Fruit Quality Trait Improvement
Dr Li LI, USDA-ARS, USA, Dr Yaakov TADMOR, Agricultural Research Organization, Israel & Dr. Qiang XU, Huazhong Agricultural University, China

19. Biofortification. Vitamin A Deficiency and the Case for Golden Rice
Dr Robert S. ZEIGLER, International Rice Research Institute, Philippines

20. Production of Medicines from Engineered Proteins in Plants: Proteins for a New Century
Dr Mary MANGAN, Openhelix, USA

Blurb

By the year 2050, there will be more than 9 billion people in the world; nearly 3 billion more than today. The world’s population will increase by over 700 million in the next 10 years – much of it in regions which are currently in a food deficit. How can governments ensure a secure and stable food supply for their citizens? Can current agricultural production practices and technologies provide for an expanding population in a sustainable manner? In the February 2010 summit of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), agricultural ministers recognized the necessity that “innovation, including transfer of technologies, is fostered in order to increase productivity, enhance efficiency, improve sustainable resource use, respond to climate change and reduce waste including through balanced protection of intellectual property rights, and a regulatory environment conducive to innovation and new technology.”  

Technology alone cannot solve problems associated with food supply and distribution – they have not done so in the past, and will not do so in the future.  But biotechnological innovations have played crucial roles, and will do so in the future. Students of many disciplines and the general public are interested in examining the development and adoption of innovative biotechnologies applied in agriculture in the world’s largest economies and in developing countries, which are themselves changing rapidly to address these concerns. We are now approaching two decades of experience of deployment of transgenic crops in agroecosystems, and we are still very much in the early stages of technological development, deployment and adoption of resulting plants (cereals, vegetables and trees). What are these biotechnologies today that can enhance agricultural productivity and produce medicines, how are they currently deployed, what are some near-term realistic expectations, if these biotechnologies are to be a part of sustainable agriculture?