Physical Oceanography: Developments Since 1950

ISBN-13: 9780387302614 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 250 str.

M. Jochum; Markus Jochum; Raghu Murtugudde

Opis

Over the last ?ve decades Physical Oceanography developed explosively from a state with only a few observations and theories to a mature science with global ?eld p- grams, massivecomputerpower, andacomplextheoreticalframework. Thescientists wholedthisdevelopmentarealreadyorwillsoonberetired. Thiscollectionofessays documentssomeofthebreakthroughsandalsotriestocapturethespiritofexploration and excitement that accompanied these developments. Theoriginalmotivationforthepresentbookcamefromourdesiretounderstand the current social and scienti?c framework in which we work as physical ocean- raphers. Brief re?ection makes it obvious that this framework must have historical roots. However, discussions about these roots with senior scientists only made the picture more complex and confusing. We came to the conclusion that there is no simple story that explains the current state of affairs. The natural solution was to let seniorscientiststellhowtheyperceivedthedevelopmentsinthe?eld, eachfromtheir own unique point of view. Thus, by surrendering editorial objectivity we arrived at a broader, more objective view. The approach is comparable to data acquisition: it is known that there are no perfect observations, so one makes many. The goal then is to reduce biases by sampling as often as possible. However, to keep the book at a manageable size and still give the individual authors space enough to cover several decades, we were limited to 10 to 20 authors whose contributions should not exceed 20 pages. Thus, the book is by no means a complete history of physical oceanography; many important scientists and subdisciplines of the ?eld are not accounted f

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"This book is an eclectic collection of science memoirs ... . is unique in its approach and has something for everyone. I recommend it highly for students and young scientists, both for historical curiosity and because it will help them to assimilate past lessons learned into their own careers. But I also recommend if for older scientists who have lived through many of the developments of the last half-century, and who may wish to reflect on their own careers in the context of the book." (David B. Enfield, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, March, 2007)

Spis treści

Foreword by Editors (Jochum, M. and Murtugudde, R.) A Historical Introduction: Oceanography of the General Circulation to the Middle of the Twentieth Century (Warren, B.) Reminiscences of MODE (Bretherton, F.) Modeling Ocean Circulation: 1960-1990, The Weather Bureau and Princeton (Bryan, K.) Contributions to Global Ocean Observations (Davis, R.) On Reconciling Atmospheric and Oceanic Estimates of Surface Heat Fluxes - and on Validating Greenhouse Models (Godfrey, S.) El Nino and Ocean Observations: A Personal History (McPhaden, M.) Reflections of an Equatorial Oceanographer (Moore, D.) Ocean Acoustic Tomography (Munk, W.) A History of Thermocline Theory (Pedlosky, J.) From Sextants to Satellites: The Education of a Land-based Oceanographer (Philander, G.) Some Advances and Retreats in the Study of Ocean Circulation Since 1935 (Reid, J.) Towards World Ocean Circulation Experiment and a Bit of Aftermath (Wunsch, C.) Interview by von Storch, Suendermann and Magaard (Wyrtki, K.) Bibliography of selected titles Index

O autorze

Markus Jochum is an associate editor of Journal of Geophysical Research and Raghu Murtugudde is editor of Journal of Geophysical Research and associate editor of Journal of Climate.

The list of authors includes prominent scientists: Warren, Bretherton, Bryan, Davis, Godfrey, McPhaden, Moore, Munk, Pedlosky, Philander, Reid, Wunsch, and Wyrtki.

Blurb

Over the last five decades physical oceanography developed rapidly from a branch of fluid dynamics, with only a few observations, to a mature science with global field programs, large computer resources, and a complex theoretical framework. Today understanding of ice ages, global warming, or predictions of El Niño are to a large extent due to progress in understanding ocean physics. Therefore, it is important that the history of physical oceanography is made known so that citizens can understand the current state of climate sciences and policy makers can make informed decisions about future research.

This volume contains a historical introduction by Bruce Warren and twelve historical perspectives from world-renowned physical oceanographers.