Introduction; Part I: Rights, Religion and Morality: 1. Calvinists, Arminians, Socinians: Popular sovereignty and natural rights in early modern political thought, James Moore; 2. Truth and Toleration in the Early Modern Period, Maria Rosa Antognazza; 3. The History of the History of Ethics and Emblematic Passages, Aaron Garrett; 4. Natural law and natural rights in early enlightenment Copenhagen , Mads Jensen; Part II: Natural Law and the Philosophers: 5. Natural Equality and Natural Law in Locke’s Two Treatises, Kari Saastamoinen; 6. Dignity and Equality in Pufendorf’s Natural Law Theory, Simone Zurbuchen; 7. Theory and Practice in the Natural Law of Christian Thomasius, Ian Hunter; 8. The 'iura connata' in the Natural Law of Christian Wolff, Frank Grunert; 9. Hume’s peculiar definition of justice, James A. Harris; Part III: Rights and Reform: 10. Economizing Natural Law: Pufendorf on Moral Quantities and Sumptuary Legislation, Michael Seidler; 11. The Legacy of Smith’s Jurisprudence in Late-Eighteenth-Century Edinburgh, John W. Cairns; 12. Declaring Rights: Bentham and the Rights of Man, David Lieberman; 13. Rights After the Revolutions, Richard Whatmore; Index.