Arun Kumar has written a fascinating archive-based study of Indian philanthropy over the course of the twentieth century. The book shows in great depth and detail how Indian elite philanthropies - from Bombay Parsis, Marwaris in Calcutta, and Ahmedabad's textile industrialists – forged their ideas of modernity and development within colonial India and after independence. Those elites' caste and religious identities ensured disagreements and debates on the
meaning of development and modernity, yet played a profound role in the development of key development concepts such as self-reliance. This comparative approach is one of the most fascinating aspects of this landmark, ground-breaking study.
There are few such in depth and detailed original studies of Indian philanthropy – Arun Kumar's book has set a very high bar for future scholars.
Arun Kumar is a Lecturer at the University of York, UK. He researches the role of businesses and philanthropy in India's development. His archival research has been funded by the Economic History Society, UK and the Rockefeller Archives Center, USA. In an earlier life, he was trained as an architect and a development manager, and worked for nearly eight years consulting with advocacy groups, NGOs, think tanks, donors, and independent research
organizations in India.