Permit Trading in Different Applications

ISBN-13: 9780415551229 / Angielski / Twarda / 2011 / 338 str.

Bernd Hansjürgens;Ralf Antes;Marianne Strunz

Opis

Permit trading is an environmental policy instrument that has received increasing levels of attention over recent years. Coming from the field of air quality management, with the European CO2 emissions trading system being the most prominent example, it enters new fields of application, such as land use policy and biodiversity protection, water quality and water quantity trading. This book gives an overview of these recent developments and discusses the possibilities and limits of permit trading in environmental policies. The advantages of permit trading are not only seen with respect to economic efficiency, which leads to achieving the environmental target at minimum cost, but also with respect to the instrument's environmental effectiveness. By setting a cap for the overall emissions, a given environmental target can be met. This makes permit trading an interesting case for many environmental fields where safeguarding the environmental target plays a dominant role. Against this background, permit trading is discussed in environmental policy fields, where it has not been considered before, for example, land use management, biodiversity protection and water trading. Permit Trading in Different Applications analyses the properties of permit trading: its possibilities and limitations, its design options and its restrictions on a more general level. It demonstrates how lessons learnt in established policy fields like air quality management can be transferred to new and emerging fields of application. This collection will provide students and practitioners in environmental sciences and policy with valuable research into instrument choice and design with respect to permit trading.

This book analyzes the current picture for permit trading: one of the most influential environmental instruments to emerge in recent times. Its possibilities and limits, its successful design options and its restrictions will all be placed under the microscope, with a focus not only on “traditional” fields of application including air quality and climate policy, but new and emerging fields in which permit trading has been brought to bear: biodiversity, land use policy, water policy amongst them. The authors have set out with the following intentions:

- to demonstrate how lessons learned in established policy fields can be transferred to new fields of application

- to fill specific research gaps in instrument choice and instrument design with respect to permit trading in emerging fields of application

- to contribute to instrument choice in environmental policy by delivering a comparative analysis of market-based instrument permit trading.

The primary focus will be on practical and empirical analyses of existing and emerging permit trading schemes and the majority of the contributions are of an empirical nature. However, the book will be supplemented by analytical-theoretical considerations including mechanism design and implementation issues. An overview chapter summarize the central messages of the chapters in a comparative way and helps fill a substantial gap in the existing literature on permit trading.

Spis treści

1. Introduction: Permit Trading – A Market-based Instrument enters New Fields of Application Bernd Hansjürgens and Ralf Antes  Part 1: Emerging Emissions Tradings Schemes in Air Quality Management and Climate Policy  2. US Emissions Trading Markets for SO2 and NOx Dallas Burtraw and Sarah Jo Szambelan  3. The European Emissions Tradings System for Greenhouse Gases: Design, Initial Experience and Review Peter Zapfel  4. A European Perspective on Recent Trends in US Climate Policy Ulf Moslener and Bodo Sturm  5. SO2 Trading Pilot Projects in China and their Implications for a China-wide CO2 Emissions Trading System Miriam Schröder  6. Integrating Joint Implementation Projects for Energy Efficiency on the Built Enviroment with White Certificates in The Netherlands Vlasis Oikonomou and Wytze van der Gaast  Part 2: Permit Trading in Land Use Management and Biodiversity  7. Transferable Permits in Spatial Planning: US Experiences and Lessons to Learn for Germany Christoph Schröter-Schlaack  8. Applying Tradable Permits to Biodiversity Conservation: Design Issues, Modelling and Policies Frank Wätzold, Martin Drechsler, Florian Hartig and Silvia Wissel  9. Possibilities to Reduce Tropical Deforestation by Carbon Funding – General Reflections and Examples from Bolivia Robert Müller  10. The Introduction of the Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme: Permits in a Public Sector Environment Glyn D. Jones  Part 3: Water Trading and Water Quality Trading  11. Tradable Permits – Instruments to Manage Water Scarcity? Some Australian Experiences Henning Bjørnlund  12. California’s Water Market: Lessons from the Field Ellen Hanak  13. Water Quality Trading: Theoretical and Practical Approaches Marianne Strunz  14. Nutrient Trading in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Opportunities and Obstacles Thomas W. Simpson  Part 4: Overarching Design Options and Conclusions  15. Collective Liability in Nonpoint Source Pollution Mourad Ali and Patrick Rio  16. New Modes of Governance to Tackle Climate Change – The Case of the Clean Development Mechanism Gudrun Benecke  17. Permit Trading in Different Applications – Concluding Observations Bernd Hansjürgens