Penile Cancer

ISBN-13: 9786206554073 / Angielski / Miękka / 64 str.

Vicenilma de Andrade Martins; Jaqueline Diniz Pinho; Gyl Eanes Barros Silva

Opis

The incidence of penile cancer (PC) in developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America is high and is considered a public health problem. Brazil stands out among the countries with the highest incidence of PC in the world, the condition can account for 2.1% of all neoplasms in men and mainly affects inhabitants of the North and Northeast regions. The known risk factors for developing PC are: poor hygiene, phimosis, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, tobacco use and risky sexual behaviour. HPV infection is present in 30 to 50 per cent of penile cancer cases. And the immunohistochemical test for p16INK4a is used as an indicator of the presence of HPV and as a prognostic marker for squamous cell carcinomas in various locations. However, the role of this marker in penile carcinoma has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this book addresses the expression of p16INK4a in penile cancer and HPV.

O autorze

Vicenilma de Andrade Martins - Graduated in nursing from the Federal University of Maranhão (2014), Specialist in Labour Nursing from the Estácio de Sá College (2016), Master in Adult and Child Health from the Federal University of Maranhão (2017).