Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals

ISBN-13: 9781119754794 / Angielski / Twarda / 2022 / 736 str.

Charles O. Thoen

Recenzje

"The book is well-produced and a useful update on bacterial pathogenesis from a genomics standpoint. It belongs in the diagnostic laboratory, and not just on the bacteriologist's shelf." - Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2023, Vol. 35(2) 217-218 2023, Vol. 35(2) 217- 218

Spis treści

Preface xvList of Contributors xviiAbout the Companion Website xxv1 Themes in Bacterial Pathogenesis 1John F. PrescottIntroduction 1The Basic Elements of Bacterial Pathogenesis 1Concepts of Bacterial Virulence are Being Refined 5Host-Pathogen Communications are Critical 9Pathogenesis in the Post-Genomic Era 11Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 13References 132 Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens 15Patrick BoerlinWhat are Pathogens and How Do They Emerge? 15Bacterial Fitness and Virulence 17Sources of Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Genome Plasticity 18Pathogenicity Islands 20Bacteriophages and Their Role in Pathogen Evolution and Virulence 22Examples of Virulence Evolution 23Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 27References 283 Understanding Pathogenesis Through Pathogenomics and Bioinformatics 32Gregorio Iraola and John D. BoyceIntroduction 32How Mutations Generate Bacterial Diversity 34Genome Sequencing Technologies 36Genome Assembly 38Gene Prediction and Annotation 39Defining Prokaryotic Species from Genomes 41The Pangenome Concept, Reconstruction, and Comparative Analyses 41Phylogenomics and Genome-Wide Association Studies 42Functional Genomics for Understanding Host-Pathogen Interactions 44Reverse Vaccinology 48Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 51References 524 Experimental Approaches to Understanding Pathogenesis 57Francesca L. Short and Janet I. MacInnesIntroduction 57Testing Koch's Postulates 57Virulence Factors and Main Steps in Pathogenesis 58Molecular Koch's Postulates 60Refining Animal Usage 60Experimental Approaches for Virulence Factor Discovery and Validation 62Approaches for Virulence Factor Discovery 63Gene Disruption Approaches for Virulence Factor Discovery 71Bringing It All Together: Validation and Further Characterization of Virulence Factors 73Two Stories of Virulence Factor Discovery and Characterization: Pasteurella multocida Capsule, and Mycoplasma bovis Adhesins 74Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 75References 765 Subversion of the Immune Response by Bacterial Pathogens 79Douglas C. Hodgins, Raveendra R. Kulkarni, and Patricia E. ShewenIntroduction 79Subversion of Innate Responses 80Subversion of Adaptive Immunity 85Manipulation of Cell Fate 88Non-Coding RNA and Host-Pathogen Interactions 91Epigenetic and Genetic Modulation 92Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 94References 946 Chinks in the Armor 99Allison C. Leonard, Celine Stoica, and Georgina CoxIntroduction 99Virulence Factors: Pathogenesis-Based Targets to Combat Bacterial Pathogens 99Targeting Bacterial Host Cell Adhesion and Biofilm Formation 100Quorum Sensing Inhibition 104Interfering with Two-Component Regulatory Systems 105Inhibiting Bacterial Motility 106Toxin Neutralization 107Inhibitors of Bacterial Secretion Systems 107Targeting Nutrient Acquisition: Starving the Pathogen 110Antivirulence Phage Therapy 111Bacterial Drug Efflux Pumps as Pathogenesis-Based Antibacterial Targets 112Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 112References 1137 Escherichia coli 117John M. Fairbrother and Carlton L. GylesIntroduction 117Pathotypes of E. coli and Associated Disease and Pathological Changes in Animals 119Virulence Factors of Pathogenic E. coli 126Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic E. coli 141Pathogenesis of Enteropathogenic E. coli Disease 144Pathogenesis of Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli Disease 146Pathogenesis of Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli Infections 149Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 156References 1578 Salmonella 162Paul A. Barrow, Michael A. Jones, Kate C. Mellor, and Nick R. ThomsonIntroduction 162Characteristics of the Organism 162Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 167Salmonella Infections in Different Major Farmed Animal Species 169Virulence Factors 174Pathogenesis 179Immunity to Infection and its Manipulation by Salmonella 186Antimicrobial Resistance 190Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 191References 1929 Yersinia 200Anne-Sophie Le Guern and Javier Pizarro-CerdáIntroduction 200Characteristics of the Organism 200Pathogenic Species 200Taxonomy 201Major Virulence Factors of the Highly Pathogenic Yersinia 203Yersinia pestis 205Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica 209Yersinia ruckeri 213Yersinia entomophaga 213Control of Yersinia Infections 214Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 214References 21510 Pasteurella 221Marina Harper, Thomas R. Smallman, and John D. BoyceIntroduction 221Characteristics of the Organism 221Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 223Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 223Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 225Regulation of Virulence 233Pathogenesis 235Immunity 236Control 238Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 239References 23911 Mannheimia and Bibersteinia 244Jeff L. Caswell and Charles J. CzuprynskiIntroduction 244Characteristics of the Organism 244Pathogenic Species 245Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 245Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 247Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 249Regulation of Virulence 250Pathogenesis 251Immunity 254Control 254Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 255References 25612 Actinobacillus 262Janine T. Bossé, Adina R. Bujold, and Lu LiIntroduction 262Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae 262Actinobacillus lignieresii 277Actinobacillus equuli 278Actinobacillus suis 279Gaps in Knowledge and Future Directions 281References 28313 Other Pasteurellaceae: Avibacterium, Bibersteinia, Gallibacterium, Glaesserella, and Histophilus 290Anders M. Bojesen, Virginia Aragon, and Pat J. BlackallIntroduction 290Avibacterium 290Bibersteinia 292Gallibacterium 295Glaesserella parasuis 301Histophilus 309References 31114 Pseudomonas 318Erin L. Westman, Véronique L. Taylor, and Joseph S. LamIntroduction 318Characteristics of the Organism 318Pathogenic Species 319Sources of Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 320Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 320Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 321Pathogenesis 328Immunity 330Control, Prevention, and Treatment 331Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 335References 33715 Moraxella 344John A. AngelosIntroduction 344Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis 344Pathogenesis of Moraxella bovis Infection 346Immunity 352Control 354Gaps in Knowledge and Future Directions 354References 35516 Brucella 361Clayton C. Caswell, Angela Arenas-Gamboa, and Jeff T. FosterIntroduction 361Characteristics of the Organism 361Pathogenic Species 362Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 362Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 363Virulence Factors 366Regulation of Virulence 368Pathogenomics 369Pathogenesis 370Immunity 370Control 371Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 371References 37217 Bordetella 376Colleen J. Sedney, Tracy L. Nicholson, and Eric T. HarvillIntroduction 376Characteristics of the Organisms 376Pathogenic Species 377Source of Infection: Ecology and Epidemiology 379Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 380Virulence Factors 380Regulation of Virulence 385Pathogenesis 385Immunity 385Control 387Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 389References 38918 Campylobacter 393Zuowei Wu, Orhan Sahin, and Qijing ZhangIntroduction 393Diseases, Etiology, and Ecology 394Clinical Observations and Pathologic Changes 397Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors 398Pathogenomics and Evolution 402Immunity 405Control 406Gaps in Knowledge and Future Directions 407References 40819 Helicobacter 413Chloë De Witte, Helena Berlamont, and Freddy HaesebrouckIntroduction 413Gastric Helicobacters 413Enterohepatic Helicobacters 425Gaps in Knowledge and Future Directions 426References 42720 Chlamydia and Coxiella 433Martina Jelocnik, Wilhelmina M. Huston, and Hayley J. NewtonIntroduction 433Chlamydiae 433Characteristics of the Organism 433Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution and Epidemiology 436Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 436Pathogenesis 442Immunity and Control 442Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 443Coxiella burnetii 443Characteristics of the Organism 444Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution and Epidemiology 445Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 445Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 447Immunity and Control 448Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 449References 44921 Rickettsiales 456Jere W. McBride, Roman R. Ganta, and David H. WalkerIntroduction 456Family Anaplasmataceae 457Anaplasma Species 457Ehrlichia Species 463Neorickettsia Species 474Family Rickettsiaceae 476Rickettsia Species 476References 48022 Lawsonia intracellularis 486Roberto M. C. Guedes, Fabio A. Vannucci, and Connie J. GebhartIntroduction 486Characteristics of the Organism 486Sources of Infection: Ecology and Epidemiology 489Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 490Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 491Pathogenesis 492Immunity 496Control 497Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 497References 49823 Leptospira 502Cyrille Goarant, Ben Adler, and Alejandro de la Peña MoctezumaIntroduction 502Characteristics of the Organism 502Leptospira Species 505Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 505Clinical Presentation and Signs 511Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 511Regulation of Virulence 514Pathogenesis 514Immunity 516Control 518Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 518References 51924 Brachyspira 528Joseph E. Rubin and Judith RohdeIntroduction 528Characteristics of the Organism 528Pathogenic Species and Disease Associations 529Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 530Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 531Pathogenesis 531Immunity 537Control 538Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 538References 53925 Staphylococcus 543Amy C. Pickering, Andreas F. Haag, José R. Penades, and J. Ross FitzgeraldIntroduction 543Characteristics of the Organism 543Pathogenic Species 544Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Cattle 546Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Poultry 551Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Rabbits 553Staphylococcus hyicus Infections in Pigs 554Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Infections in Dogs 556Gaps in Knowledge and Future Directions 559References 56026 Streptococcus 565John F. TimoneyIntroduction 565Characteristics of the Organism 565Pathogenic Species 565Streptococcus agalactiae 567Streptococcus dysgalactiae 569Streptococcus uberis 570Streptococcus equi 571Streptococcus zooepidemicus 577Streptococcus canis 579Streptococcus suis 580Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 583References 58327 Bacillus anthracis 588Joachim FreyIntroduction 588Characteristics of the Organism: Taxonomy and Phylogeny 588Source and Spread of the Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 591Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 592Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 594Regulation of Virulence 595Pathogenesis 596Immunity and Vaccines 598Control and Prevention of Anthrax 598Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 600References 60128 Enteric Clostridia 607Evelien Dierick, Evy Goossens, John F. Prescott, Richard Ducatelle, and Filip Van ImmerseelIntroduction 607Clostridium perfringens 607Characteristics of the Organism 607Pathogenic Types 608Sources of Infections: Ecology, Evolution and Epidemiology 608Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 611Virulence Factors 616Regulation of Virulence 622The Pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens Enteric Disease 622Control 625Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 625Clostridioides difficile 626Characteristics of the Organism 626Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution and Epidemiology 626Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 627Disease 627Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 627Regulation of Virulence 628Pathogenesis 629Immunity 630Control 630Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 630Other Enteric Clostridia 630References 63129 Histotoxic Clostridia 635Andrew N. RycroftIntroduction 635Characteristics of the Organisms 635Source of Infection and Basic Pathogenesis 636Pathogenic Species 636Clostridium septicum (Malignant Edema/Gas Gangrene) 638Clostridium chauvoei (Blackleg) 639Paeniclostridium sordellii 640Clostridium novyi Type B (Black Disease/Bighead) 642Clostridium haemolyticum 643Clostridium perfringens 644Control 645Gaps in Knowledge and Future Directions 645References 64630 Neurotoxic Clostridia 648Michel R. PopoffIntroduction 648Characteristic of the Organisms 648Clostridium botulinum 648Clostridium tetani 650Sources of Infection: Ecology and Epidemiology 652Diseases 656Botulism 656Tetanus 657Virulence Factors 658Pathogenesis 659Control 663References 66431 Mycoplasmas 667Pollob K. Shil, Nadeeka K. Wawegama, Glenn F. Browning, Amir H. Noormohammadi, and MarcS. MarendaIntroduction 667Characteristics of the Organisms 667Pathogenic Species 668Source of Infection: Ecology, Evolution, and Epidemiology 668Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 670Regulation of Virulence 674Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 674Pathogenesis 680Immunity 688Control 690Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 690References 69132 Corynebacterium, Arcanobacterium, and Trueperella 701Thiago D. Barral, Ricardo W. Portela, Núbia Seyffert, and Robert J. MooreCorynebacterium 701Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis 701Bovine Pyelonephritis Caused by Corynebacterium Species 706Other Animal Pathogenic Corynebacterium Species 706Arcanobacterium 707Trueperella 709Gaps in Knowledge and Future Directions 710References 71033 Rhodococcus equi 715José A. Vázquez-Boland, Macarena G. Sanz, and John F. PrescottIntroduction 715Characteristics of the Organism 715Source of Infection and Epidemiology 717Types of Disease and Pathologic Changes 720Virulence Factors 721Evolution of Rhodococcus equi Virulence 723Pathogenesis 724Immunity 726Treatment and Control 728Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 730References 73134 Mycobacterium 736Karren M. Plain, Karen Stevenson, Richard J. Whittington, and Nathalie WinterIntroduction 736Characteristics of the Organism 736Sources of Infection 738Source of Infection: Evolution and Epidemiology 739Virulence Factors and Pathogenomics 740Regulation of Virulence 742Types of Disease 743Pathogenesis 744Adaptive Immunity and Mycobacterial Pathogenesis 748Control 750Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 750References 75235 Gram-Negative Anaerobes 757John F. PrescottIntroduction 757General Bacterial Pathogenesis Aspects 757Fusobacterium 759Bacteroides 763Prevotella and Porphyromonas 764Dichelobacter nodosus 765Treponema 767Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Developments 768References 768Index 773

O autorze

John F. Prescott is University Professor Emeritus at the University of Guelph, in Guelph, Ontario, Canada.Janet I. MacInnes is Professor Emerita at the University of Guelph in Guelph, Ontario, Canada.Filip Van Immerseel is Professor at Ghent University in Merelbeke, Belgium.John D. Boyce is Associate Professor at Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, in Clayton, Victoria, Australia.Andrew N. Rycroft is Professor at the Royal Veterinary College, in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.José A. Vázquez-Boland is Professor at the University of Edinburgh in Edinburgh, United Kingdom.