1. Egypt and the social world of the New Testament; 2. The social milieu of the early Christians in Egypt: who were the first readers of the Gospels?; 3. 'In those days a decree went out …': the Herodian Kingdom and the Augustan provincial census system; 4. 'But these words seemed to them an idle tale': discrimination and the struggle for women's equality in early Christianity; 5. 'The carpenter's son': the family and household of a craftsman; 6. 'In those days Mary set out …': travel by the lower classes in Roman times; 7. 'In that region there were shepherds living in the fields': an occupation on the margins of society; 8. Afterword.