Pain Treatment by Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (Tens): A Practical Manual

ISBN-13: 9783540192060 / Angielski / Miękka / 1988 / 130 str.

David Ottoson; Thomas Lundeberg

Opis

Abundant evidence indicates that TENS can be used effectively to alleviate certain pain syndromes. For patients suffering from chronic musculo-skeletal pain in particular, TENS offers an alternative means of pain management. This book addresses the need among physiotherapists for a practical manual on the application of this relatively new technique. Numerous illustrations provide guidelines for the choice of stimulation parameters, the selection of electrode positions, as well as other aspects related to technique. A brief introduction to the neurophysiological mechanisms of pain and the pain-relieving effects of TENS is also given. These special features make this comprehensive presentation of particular interest to physiotherapists and clinicians actively engaged in the management of patients suffering from pain.

Spis treści

1 The Neurophysiology of Pain.- Pain Receptors.- Pain Nerves.- Dermatomes and Myotomes.- Transmission in the Spinal Cord.- Ascending Pathways.- Pain from Different Organ Systems.- Pain from the Skin and Superficial Tissues.- Deep Somatic Pain.- Visceral Pain.- Referred Pain.- Physiological Mechanisms of Pain Control.- Peripheral Mechanisms.- Central Mechanisms.- Neurohumoral Mechanisms.- 2 Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation.- General Principles for the Use of TENS.- Indications for the Use of TENS.- General Characteristics of TENS Units.- Conventional High-Frequency TENS.- Alternative Modes of TENS.- The Neural Mechanisms of TENS in Alleviating Pain.- Electrodes and Electrode Placements.- Side Effects and Counterindications of TENS.- 3 TENS in Different Pain Syndromes.- Post-operative Pain.- Neck and Shoulder Pain.- Low Back Pain.- Arthritic Pain.- Pain in the Chest.- Fracture Pain.- Deafferentation Pain.- Trigeminal Neuralgia.- Central Pain.- Phantom Pain.- Vascular Pain.- Headaches.- Dental Pain.- Cancer Pain.- Dysmenorrhea.- Labour Pain.- Bladder Pain.- Pancreatic Pain.- Psychogenic Pain.- 4 Additional Areas of Application of TENS and Different Modes of Electrical Stimulation.- Sports Medicine.- Improvement of Muscle Function.- Wound and Fracture Healing.- Treatment of Venous Stasis.- Pruritus.