Oxygen and the Evolution of Life

ISBN-13: 9783642423840 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 172 str.

Heinz Decker;Kensal E Van Holde

Opis

This book describes the interlaced histories of life and oxygen. It opens with the generation of oxygen in ancient stars and its distribution to newly formed planets like the Earth. Free O2 was not available on the early Earth, so the first life forms had to be anaerobic. Life introduced free O2 into the environment through the evolution of photosynthesis, which must have been a disaster for many anaerobes. Others found ways to deal with the toxic reactive oxygen species and even developed a much more efficient oxygen-based metabolism. The authors vividly describe how the introduction of O2 allowed the burst of evolution that created today's biota. They also discuss the interplay of O2 and CO2, with consequences such as worldwide glaciations and global warming. On the physiological level, they present an overview of oxidative metabolism and O2 transport, and the importance of O2 in human life and medicine, emphasizing that while oxygen is essential, it is also related to aging and many disease states.

Spis treści

Oxygen, its nature and chemistry.– What is so special about this element? – A brief history of oxygen.– Coping with oxygen.– Aerobic metabolism – benefits from an oxygenated world.– Facilitated oxygen transport.– Climate over the ages; is the environment stable? – Global warming: human intervention in world climate. – Oxygen in medicine.– Oxygen and the exploration of the universe.

O autorze

Univ.-Prof. (C4) Dr. Heinz Decker. Studium der Biologie und Physik an der Ludwig Maximilians-Universität in München. 1981 Promotion über Wechselwirkungen in komplexen Proteinen insbesondere Hämocyaninen. Von 1982-85 Postdoktorand an der University of Colorado in Boulder, Assistant Research Professor an der Medical School der St. Louis University (Missouri) und Wissen schaftler in der Biophysik-Gruppe am Max Planck Institut für Medizinische Forschung in Heidelberg. 1990 Habilitation an der Ludwig Maximilians-Universität in München für das Fach Zoologie. 1993/4 Lehrstuhlvertretung für Zoologie an der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover. 1994 und später Visiting Professor am CNR Zentrum in Padua. Seit 1995 Leiter des Institutes für Molekulare Biophysik an der Johannes Guten berg Universität in Mainz. Forschungsfreisemester am Oregon Institute of Marine (1998) und Marine Biology Laboratory Woods Hole (2006). Etwa 120 Publikationen, darunter Übersichtsartikel zum Thema Struktur, Funktion und Evolution von Kupferenzymen und respiratorischen Proteinen sowie Weinproteine.

Blurb

This book describes the interlaced histories of life and oxygen. It opens with the generation of the element in ancient stars, and its distribution to newly formed planets like the Earth. But free O2 was not available on the early Earth, so the first life forms had to be anaerobic. Life introduced free O2 into the environment through the evolution of photosynthesis. This must have been a disaster for many anaerobes, but others found ways to deal with toxic reactive oxygen species. Some even developed a much more efficient oxygen-based metabolism. The authors vividly describe how the introduction of O2 into the atmosphere and oceans changed world chemistry, and allowed the burst of evolution that created today’s biota. They also discuss the interplay of O2 and CO2, with consequences such as worldwide glaciations and global warming. On the physiological level, they present an overview of oxidative metabolism and O2 transport in animals and the importance of O2 in human life and medicine, emphasizing that while oxygen is essential, it is also related to aging and many disease states.