Origin, Evolution, and Modern Aspects of Biomineralization in Plants and Animals

ISBN-13: 9781475761160 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 536 str.

Rex E. Crick

Opis

The Fifth International Biomineralization Symposium was held in May 1986 at The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas. The chosen theme was the origin, evolution and modern aspects of biomineralization in plants and animals. Thus, the symposium was designed to bring together experts in ocean and atmospheric chemistry, geochemistry, paleontology, biology, medicine and related fields to share accumulated knowledge and to broaden research horizons. The contents of this volume reflect the diversified interests and views of contributors from these fields. Topics range from contrasting views of the origin of ocean chemistry, the cause or causes for the biomineralization among plants and animals, the evolution of style and structure of biomineralization, and the role of inorganic and organic compounds in biomineraliza- tion. It was clear from those gathered in Arlington that the efforts of all researchers in any aspect of biomineralization can be strengthened and extended by greater exposure to the work of others in allied fields. At the time of this printing, several collaborative efforts have grown from interest and contacts developed during the symposium. Rex E. Crick viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The symposium would not have occurred with the financial support of The Organized Research Fund of The University of Texas at Arlington and The Sea Grant Program administered by Texas A & M University. The staff of the Department of Geology of The University of Texas at Arlington were largely responsible for providing a pleasant atmosphere for learning.

Spis treści

Ocean Chemistry: Its History and Relationship to Biomineralization Systems.- Some Factors Influencing Biomineralization in Earth History.- Biomineralization and Tentative Links to Plate Tectonics.- The Soda Ocean Concept and Its Bearing on Biotic Evolution.- Organismic Autonomy in Biomineralization Processes.- Biomineralization Mechanisms.- Biomineralization within the Invertebrates.- The Evolution of Mineral Skeletons.- Evolution of Biomineralization Systems within the Cephalopoda.- Tidally Deposited Bands in Shells of Barnacles and Molluscs.- Silicification Processes in Sponges: Geodia Asters and the Problem of Morphogenesis of Spicule Shape.- The Style and Structure of Biomineralization: Ancient & Modern.- Structure of Molluscan Prismatic Shell Layers.- Architecture and Chemical Composition of the Magnetite-bearing Layer in the Radula Teeth of Chiton olivaceus (Polyplacophora).- Calcium Binding Substance in the Hermatypic Coral Acropora hebes (Dana).- Skeletal Organization in Caribbean Acropora Spp. (Lamarck).- Calcite Centers of Calcification in Mussa angulosa (Scleractinia).- Extra-, Inter-, and Intracellular Mineralization in Invertebrates and Algae.- Ultrastructural and Protein Aspects of Apatite Formation in Vertebrate Hard Tissues.- Role of Phosphate in Biomineralization.- The Phosphatic Mode of Calcification in Ontogeny and Phylogeny of the Integument and Skeleton of Vertebrates.- Low Temperature Carbonate Phosphate Materials or the Carbonate-apatite Problem: A Review.- Phosphorus and the Ferritin Iron Core: Function-Balanced Biomineralization.- The Role of Inorganic Phosphate in Iron Oxide Biomineralization.- High Capacity Calcium-binding Proteins as Intermediate Calcium Carriers in Biological Mineralization.- Organic Chemistry and Calcification.- Morphology and Biomineralization: A Carbonate Model.- Mineral Induction by the Soluble Matrix from Molluscan Shells.- Composition and Association of Organic Matter with Calcium Carbonate and the Origin of Calcification.- The Proteins in the Shell of Lingula.- Amino Acids in Planktonic Foraminifera: Are They Phylogenetically Useful?.- Ontogenetic Variations in the Distribution of Ca And Mg in Skeletal Tissues of Vertebrates and Invertebrates.- Inorganic and Isotope Chemistry of Biominerals.- Strontium Is Required in Artificial Seawater for Embryonic Shell Formation in Two Species of Bivalve Molluscs.- Form and Function of Calcium Concretions in Unionids.- Trace Metal Concentration in Fossil and Recent Shells of the Arctic Infaunal Bivalve, Mya truncata L..- Function of Molluscan Statocysts.- Biomineralization in the Fungi, Plantae, Monera and Protista.- Calcification in Higher Plants with Special Reference to Cystoliths.- Aspects of Biological Silicification.- Systems of Biomineralization in the Fungi.- Growth and Calcification of Calothrix — Dominated Oncolites from Northern England.- Peridial Calcification in the Myxomycetes.- Manganese Transformations by Marine Bacillus Species.- The Effect of Magnetotactic Bacteria on the Magnetic Properties of Marine Sediments.- Silica Precipitation Induced by the Anaerobic Sulfate Reducing Bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans: Effects upon Cell Morphology and Implications for Preservation.- Model for Prokaryotic Calcification.- Contributors.