1. Contemporary developments, trends, and challenges in cancer phototheranostics 2. The role of nanotechnology: Organic nanomaterials and the mechanism of cancer phototheranostics 3. Synthetic strategies of short peptide-modified nanomaterials for diagnostics and phototherapy 4. Development of metal-peptide composite nanomaterials for diagnosis and phototherapy 5. Fabrication of protein-based nanomaterials as photonanomedicine agents 6. Synthetic strategies of protein-metal nanomaterials as photonanomedicine agents 7. Fabrication of polymeric nanomaterials for phototheranostics of cancer 8. Development of metal-polymer composite nanomaterials for diagnosis and phototherapy 9. Lipid-based nanomaterials as phototheranostic agents 10. Safety considerations of organic nanomaterials for phototheranostics