Optimal Traffic Control: Urban Intersections

ISBN-13: 9781420062687 / Angielski / Twarda / 2007 / 364 str.

Slobodan Guberinic; Gordana Senborn; Bratislav Lazic

Opis

Despite traffic circles, four-way stop signs, lights regulated by timers or sensors, and other methods, the management of urban intersections remains problematic. Consider that transportation systems have all the features of so-called complex systems: the great number of state and control variables, the presence of uncertainty and indeterminism, the complex interactions between subsystems, the necessity to optimize several optimization criteria, and active behavior of the controlled process, to name just a few. Therefore, a mathematical approach to these systems can resolve their complex issues more elegantly than other methods. Addressing both efficiency and traffic safety issues, Optimal Traffic Control: Urban Intersections examines the traffic control optimization problem and presents a novel solution method. Using an approach based on control theory, graph theory, and combinatorial optimization, the authors derive a full mathematical description of the traffic control problem and enumerate all combinatorial aspects. The result is a set of algorithmic solutions to various problems along with computer implementation that you can incorporate into real traffic control systems for immediate results. The book concludes by evaluating how the choice of a complete set of signal groups influences intersection performance. Although modern cities throughout the world have a unique character influenced by culture, geography, and population, most of them share one main feature: busy intersections and the issue of controlling the traffic traveling through them. The development of information technologies, especially computer and telecommunications techniques, has changed the complexity ofthe problem and influenced the development of new solutions. Clearly stating the issues and presenting a possible solution, this book shows you how to take full advantage of all the capabilities of microprocessor-based traffic signal controllers.

Spis treści

INTRODUCTION

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF TRAFFIC PROCESS ON A SIGNALIZED INTERSECTION
General Mathematical Description of the Dynamic Process on a Signalized Intersection
Uncontrolled System Inputs
Signal Group
Traffic Control
Queues - Isolated Signalized Intersections
The Output Function

CONTROL PROBLEM STATEMENT
The General Statement of the Traffic Control Problem (Signal Plan Choice)
The Set of Feasible Controls (Signal Plans)
Optimization Criteria

THE METHOD OF OPTIMAL SIGNAL PLAN DETERMINATION
The Statement of the Problem of Finding the Optimal Closed Path on Graph GS
The Method of Finding the Optimal Closed Path GS

DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL CONTROL (SIGNAL PLAN)
Capacity Optimization
Delay Minimization
Extreme Values of Signal Plan Parameters

EFFECTS OF THE CHOICE OF THE COMPLETE SET OF SIGNAL GROUPS TO INTERSECTION PERFORMANCE
The Relation of Partial Ordering (refinement) and the Set of Feasible Controls
The Heuristics for the Choice of the Complete Set of Signal Groups

APPENDICES
I: Graphs, cliques
II: Equivalence Relation
III: Pseudo Code of Programs ClIQ and MINA
IV: Refinement Relation, Hasse Diagrams
V: Effective Values of Green, Red and Intergreen Times
VI: Determination of the Control Vectors Transition Graph
VII: Description of STECSOT Program (StructurE and Cycle Split Optimization Technique)
VIII: The Proof of Delay Function Convexity
References
Index

O autorze

Slobodan Guberinic, Gordana Senborn, Bratislav Lazic