Optical Imaging of Brain Function and Metabolism 2: Physiological Basis and Comparison to Other Functional Neuroimaging Methods

ISBN-13: 9780306455858 / Angielski / Twarda / 1997 / 249 str.

Arno Villringer; A. Villringer; Ulrich Dirnagl

Opis

This volume covers the latest developments in optical imaging of the brain which is becoming an increasingly important functional neuroimaging method. Optical intrinsic signals offer unrivaled temporal and spatial resolution of functional measurements of the exposed brain cortex in animals and humans. Near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging ap- proaches permit the noninvasive functional assessment of the human brain at bedside. Main advantages of these optical techniques are the biochemical specificity of the meas- urements and the potential of measuring correlates of intracellular and intravascular oxy- genation simultaneously. Recent data indicate that one may also measure a more direct correlate of neuronal activity associated with changes in light scattering. In this volume, recent technical progress of the optical method is covered as well as the physiological basis of the measurements. In simultaneous studies, near-infrared spec- troscopy measurements are directly compared to other functional methods, especially PET and fMRI and examples are given for new applications of the NIRS-method. Based on re- sults obtained with optical methods and other functional techniques the latest in our under- standing of the coupling of neuronal activity and cerebral blood flow response is reviewed. This is an important basis for a better understanding of all functional neuroi- maging methods which rely on neurovascular coupling such as PET, SPET and fMRI. Fi- nally the optical method is put into the perspective of presently available functional neuroimaging methods including fMRI, PET, MEG and EEG.

Spis treści

Signal Sources in Functional Neuroimaging. Functional Neuroimaging - Optical Approaches; A. Villringer. Signal Sources in Bold Contrast fMRI; R. Turner. The MR T1 Based Perfusion Model; K. Kwong, D. Chesler. New Technical Developments in Near Infrared Spectroscopy of the Brain. Can we Measure Correlates of Neuronal Activity with Noninvasive Optical Methods?; G. Gratton, et al. Measurement of Cytochrome Oxidase Redox State by Near Infrared Spectroscopy; C.E. Cooper, et al. Spatial Resolution Enhancement Through Time-Gated Measurements; G. Sölkner, G. Mitic. Applications of NIRS for the Functional Assessment of Brain and Comparison to Other Functional Neuroimaging Methods. Brain Metabolism As Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging; M. Tamura. Brain Oxygenation Monitoring During Cardiopulmonary Bypass By Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; R.A. DeBlasi, et al. Coupling of Brain Activity and Cerebral Blood Flow and Functional Neuroimaging Methods. Metabolic Coupling; U. Dirnagl. Metabolic Coupling During Activation: A Cellular View; P. Magistretti, L. Pellerin. Multimodal Imaging of the Human Brain. Linking Cerebral Blood Oxygenation to Human Brain Function; A. Kleinschmidt, J. Frahm. Intersubject Analysis of fMRI Data Using Spatial Normalization; T. Zeffiro. 15 Additional Articles. Index.