Part I: Surgical Planning 1 Collaborative Planning in Epilepsy Surgery 2 Intraoperative Neuronavigation Part II: Invasive EEG Studies 3 Invasive EEG Studies: Peg, Strip, and Grid Implantation 4 Depth Electrodes Part III: Cortical Resection 5 Radiofrequency Lesions through Depth Electrodes 6 Temporal Lobectomy and Amygdalohippocampectomy 7 Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy 8 Parahippocampectomy: A New Surgical Technique for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy 9 Hippocampal Transection 10 Frontal Lobe Resection in Refractory Epilepsy 11 Cortical Resection: Central Region 12 Posterior Quadrant Resections 13 Surgery of the Insula 14 Treatment Strategies for Hypothalamic Hamartomas: Microsurgery versus Endoscopy 15 Multiple Subpial Transections 16 Laser-Induced Thermal Therapy for Medically Refractory Epilepsy Part IV: Intraoperative Mapping 17 Motor, Sensory, and Language Mapping in Epilepsy Surgery Part V: Disconnection 18 Cortical Disconnections 19 Corpus Callosotomy 20 Endoscopic Callosotomy and Hemispherotomy: Bimanual Endoscopic Technique 21 Anatomical Hemispherectomy 22 Functional Hemispherectomy and Peri-insular Hemispherotomy 23 Endoscopic-Assisted Hemispherotomy 24 Vertical Parasagittal Hemispherotomy Part VI: Neuromodulation 25 Vagus Nerve Stimulation 26 Hippocampal Deep Brain Stimulation in Refractory Temporal Lobe Epilepsy 27 Deep Brain Stimulation: Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus 28 Responsive (Closed-Loop) Stimulation Part VII: Further Topics 29 Radiosurgery for Medically Refractory Epilepsy 30 Focused Ultrasound as a Surgical Treatment for Epilepsy